National 5: Biology
Revision cards for the whole National 5 Biology course. Includes: Cell Biology, multicellular organisms and life on earth.
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National 5: Biology - Marcador
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National 5: Biology - Detalles
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Preguntas:
447 preguntas
| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| What is meant by a cell's 'ultrastructure'? | All the organelles in a cell |
| What are the four types of cells? | Plant, Animal, Fungi, Bacteria |
| What structures are present in a plant cell? (name 8) | Cell Wall, Cell membrane, Cytoplasm, mitochondrion, nucleus, vacuole, chloroplasts, ribosome |
| What structures are present in an animal cell? | Cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondrion, nucleus, ribosome |
| What structures are present in a fungal cell? (name 7) | Cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, vacuole, ribosome, mitochondrion |
| What structures are present in a bacterial cell? (name 6) | Cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, circular chromosome, plasmid, ribosome |
| What is the function of the cytoplasm? | Site of cell reactions |
| What is the function of the cell membrane? | Controls entry and exit of molecules to cells |
| What is the function of the nucleus? | Controls cell activities (contains genetic information/DNA) |
| What is the function of ribosomes? | Sites of protein synthesis |
| What is the function of mitochondria? | Sites of aerobic respiration |
| What is the function of the cell wall? | Gives the cell support and structure |
| What is the function of the vacuole? | Contains cell sap |
| What is the function of chloroplasts? | Contain chlorophyll, traps light for photosynthesis |
| What is the function of the plasmid? | Additional rings of DNA |
| What is 'A' in this diagram? | Vacuole |
| What is B in this diagram? | Mitochondrion |
| What is C in this diagram? | Nucleus |
| What is D in this diagram? | Cytoplasm |
| What is E in this diagram? | Cell membrane |
| What is F in this diagram? | Ribosome |
| What is G in this diagram? | Cell wall |
| What is H in this diagram? | Chloroplast |
| What is A in this diagram? | Ribosome |
| What is B in this diagram? | Nucleus |
| What is C in this diagram? | Cytoplasm |
| What is D in this diagram? | Cell membrane |
| What is E in this diagram? | Mitochondrion |
| What is A in this diagram? | Cell membrane |
| What is B in this diagram? | Cell wall |
| What is C in this diagram? | Circular chromosome |
| What is D in this diagram? | Cytoplasm |
| What is E in this diagram? | Plasmid |
| What is F in this diagram? | Ribosome |
| What is A in this diagram? | Nucleus |
| What is B in this diagram? | Cell wall |
| What is C in this diagram? | Cytoplasm |
| What is D in this diagram? | Cell membrane |
| What is E in this diagram? | Vacuole |
| What is F in this diagram? | Mitochondrion |
| What is G in this diagram? | Ribosome |
| What is the name of this unit? | Micrometer |
| NA | NA |
| In which cells are chromosomes found? | Plant, animal, bacterial, fungal (in nucleus or in circular chromosome) |
| NA | NA |
| What is the cell wall of plant cells made of? | Cellulose fibres |
| NA | NA |
| Describe the plasmid (refer to survival) | Ring of extra genetic information which can help survival in particular conditions |
| What is the function of the cell membrane | Controls entry and exit of molecules to cells |
| The cell membrane is ____ _____ | Selectively permeable |
| Define "selectively permeable" | It will only allow the passage of smaller, soluble molecules through the membrane |
| What does the cell membrane consist of? | Proteins phospholipids |
| What is A in this diagram | Protein |
| What is B in this diagram | Phospholipid |
| What is meant by bilayer? | Structure composed of two layers of molecules |
| Where in the cell membrane will small molecules like oxygen, co2 and water go through? | Phospholipid bilayer |
| Where in the membrane will large molecules like glucose go through? | Channel forming proteins so they can move through the membrane in a pore |
| What is the function of other proteins in the cell membrane? | Act as carriers to transport molecules and ions across the membrane |
| What is diffusion? | The movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration of the molecule to a region of lower concentration |
| What kind of transport is diffusion an example of? | Passive transport |
| What is a concentration gradient? | Different between two concentrations |
| What substances to cells require | Glucose oxygen |
| Why do substances require glucose and oxygen | So they can release energy during aerobic respiration |
| What must happen to waste products in cells in order for them to stay alive | They must diffuse out of cells |
| What is osmosis? | The movement of water molecules from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration |
| What type of process is osmosis? | Passive process |
| What type of membrane does osmosis take place through | A selectively permeable membrane |
| What happens when a soluble substance dissolves in water? | Its molecules spread out into the spaces between the water molecules |
| What is a solvent? | A substance that is able to dissolve other substances |
| What is a solute? | A substance that is dissolved in the solvent |
| What happens when a cell is placed in a substance with a higher salt and lower water concentration compared to the cell | It will become plasmolysed |
| What happens when a cell is placed in a substance with a higher water but lower salt concentration compared to the cell? | It will become turgid |
| What is active transport | The movement of ions and molecules through the cell membrane from a lower concentration of the ions/molecules to a higher concentration of the ions/molecules |
| What does active transport require? | Energy from atp |
| What is a gene? | A section of DNA which codes for making a protein to give you a characteristic |
| What is DNA? | A double stranded helix held together by complementary base pairs |
| What are the four bases that make up the genetic code? | Adenine Guanine Cytosine Thymine |
| Name the two base pairs that make up the genetic code | Adenine + Thymine Guanine + Cytosine |
| What are proteins made of? | Many subunits called amino acids linked together in long chains by peptide bonds |
| What does the sequence of amino acids of a protein determine? | The structure and function of the protein |
| What does the DNA base sequence determine? | The amino acid sequence in proteins |
| How is mRNA molecule produced? | When genetic code is copied |