Variations in Psychological Attributes
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Variations in Psychological Attributes - Marcador
Variations in Psychological Attributes - Detalles
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| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Distinctiveness and variations among people's characteristics and behaviour patterns | Individual Differences |
| Uses systematic testing procedures to evaluate abilities, behaviours, and personal qualities of individual | Psychological assessment |
| Objective and standardised measure of a person's mental and/or behavioural characteristics | Psychological Test |
| Person provides factual information about himself and opinions, beliefs etc that he holds | Self-report |
| The power of perceiving, learning, understanding, and knowing | Oxford Intelligence |
| Ability to judge well, understand well, and reason well | Binet Intelligence |
| The global and aggregate capacity of an individual to think rationally, act. purposefully and to deal effectively with his environment | Wechsler Intelligence |
| The ability to adapt, to shape and select environment to accomplish one's goals and those of one's society and culture | Sternberg Intelligence |
| Intelligence is an aggregate of abilities | Psychometric Approach |
| Describes processes people use in intellectual reasoning and problem solving | Information-Processing Approach |
| One similar set of abilities which can be used for solving any or every problem in an individual's environment | Uni/One factor theory by Alfred Binet |
| Intelligence consists of general factors and specific factors, formulated using statistical method | Two factor theory by Charles Spearman |
| Intelligence consists of seven primary abilities which are relatively independent of each other | Theory of Primary Abilities by Louis Thurstone |
| Abilities operate at two levels - level I ( associative learning ) and level II ( cognitive competence ) | Hierarchical Model of Intelligence by Arthur Jensen |
| Classification of traits among three dimensions- operations, contents and products | Structure of Intellect model by J.P Guilford |
| Different types of intelligences exist which interact and work together to find a solution | Theory of Multiple Intelligences by Howard Gardner |
| Skills in scientific thinking and problem solving | Logical-Mathematical |
| Sensitivity to subtle aspects of other's behaviours | Interpersonal |
| Sensitivity to features of the natural world | Naturalistic |
| Three types of basic intelligence - componential, experiential and contextual | Triarchic Theory of Intelligence by Robert Sternberg |
| Analysis of information to solve problems involving knowledge acquisition, higher order component and performance component | Componential/Analytical intelligence |
| Using past experiences creatively to solve novel problems and integrating different experiences in a original way | Experiential/Creative Intelligence |
| Ability to deal with environmental demands encountered on daily basis | Contextual/ Practical Intelligence |
| Intellectual activity involves interdependent functioning of the functional units of brain | PASS Model of Intelligence by JP Das, Jack Naglieri and Kirby |
| Enable a person to process information | Arousal and attention |
| Perceiving the relations among various concepts and integrating them into a meaningful pattern for comprehension | Simultaneous processing |
| Remembering all the information serially so that recall of one leads to recall of another | Successive processing |
| Biological age from birth | Chronological age |
| Mental age divided by chronological age and multiplied by 100 | Intelligence Quotient |
| The 2% of the population which has IQ above 130 | Intellectually Gifted |
| The 2-3% of population that has an IQ below 70 | Intellectually Disabled |
| AAMD | American Association Mental Deficiency |
| Significantly sub-average general intellectual functioning existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behaviour and manifested during the developmental period | Intellectual Disability |
| Test which can be administered to one person at a time e | Individual Intelligence test |
| Test that can be administered to several persons simultaneously | Group intelligence test |
| Tests which use pictures or illustrations as test items | Non-verbal tests |
| Tests that require subjects. to manipulate objects and other materials to perform a task | Performance tests |
| Tests that do not discriminate against individuals belonging to different cultures | Culture fair tests |
| Intelligence that includes skills of generalisation and abstraction, speed, minimal moves, and mental manipulation | Technological Intelligence |
| Intelligence that gives emphasis on connectivity with the social and world environment | Integral Intelligence |
| Sensitivity to context, understanding, discrimination, problem solving, and effective communication | Cognitive Capacity |
| Respect for. social order, commitment to elders, the young and the needy, concern about others, recognising others perspectives | Social Competence |
| Self-regulation and self monitoring of emotions, honesty, politeness, good conduct and self-evaluation | Emotional Competence |
| Commitment, persistence, patience, hard work, vigilance and goal-directed behaviours | Entrepreneurial Competence |
| A set of skills that underlie accurate appraisal, expression, and regulation of emotions | Emotional Intelligence |
| The ability to monitor one's own and other's emotions, to discriminate among them and to use the information to guide one's thinking and actions | Salovey and Mayer - Emotional Intelligence |