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Cytology - Marcador
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254 preguntas
| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Isotonic | Balanced osmotic pressure, no net flow of water |
| Hypotonic solution | Cell swell up |
| Hypertonic | Cell shrink |
| Aristotle | Father of biology, zoology; book: hostoria animalia |
| Theophrastus | Describes 500 plants; book: Historia plantarum oldest available litrature in botony |
| Historia naturalis | Pliny, 1000 economically imp plants and uses |
| Father of indian botony | William rouxburg |
| Associated with scientific methods and it refers to discoveries made unexpectedly or by chance | Serendipity coined by horace walpole in 1754 |
| Penicillin | Accidentally discovered by fleming |
| Energy acting on the gases in the early atmosphere resulted in the formation of organic compounds | Oparin-haldane hypothesis |
| Most primitive/ancestral organism | Progenote |
| Oldest fossils of prokaryotes | Stomatolites |
| Abnormal increase in number of cells | Hyperplasia |
| Asexual reproduction | Formation of gametes and fusion not involved Zygote not formed Meiotic cell division absent |
| Sexual reproduction | Biparental Sex organ present Formation and fusion of gametes Zygote formed Meiosis occurs |
| Budding | Yeast, hydra(lower organism) |
| True rgeneration | Planaria |
| Fragmentation | Fungi, filamentous algae, protonema of mosses |
| Reproduction = growth | Unicellular organism |
| Ability of living things to respond to stimuli | Irritability (not grouchy) |
| Sustained cellular response to transient stimulus | Biological memory |
| International day for biological diversity | 22 may 2020 |
| World earth day | 22 april |
| World ENV day | 5 june |
| World ozone day | 16 sept |
| Process used to seperate cellular components while preserving indvidual functions of each components | Cell fractionation |
| Physico chemical approach to study and understand living organism | Reductionist biology |
| Forms 65% human body or 2/3 of human body | Water, helps in sustaining life processes |
| Mainly utilized in aerobic cell respiration of nutrients inside mitochondria | Oxygen, to produce ATP |
| Lipids comprise of ? | Major insoluble hydrocarbons, polymer of alchohol (glycerol), fatty acid (ester bond) |
| Nucleotides-3 compounds | 1. Pentose sugar in DNA and ribose in RNA 2. Phosphate group 3. Inorganic nitrogen base: purine and pyrimidine |
| One form of energy is changed into another | Transformation |
| Radiant or kinetic energy of sunlight changed into chemical or potential energy of glucose | Photosynthesis anabolism |
| Oxidative break down of glucose occurs inside the mitochondria of aerobic plants and animals | Cell respiration or catabolism |
| Glucose 》enzymatically catabolised 》gives? | Water + CO2 + 686Kcal |
| Life processes have no exceptions are | Defining character/property |
| Growth from inside | Intrinsic |
| Growth from outside | Extrinsic |
| The synthesis in living organisms of more complex substances (e.g., living tissue) from simpler ones together with the storage of energy | Anabolism or synthetic reaction |
| Breakdown in living organisms of more complex substances into simpler ones together with release of energy | Catabolism or destructive reaction |
| Indeterminate growth | Unlimited growth |
| Determinate growth | Limited growth |
| Metabolism | Defining property of life |
| Group of population have potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring | Species |
| Speciation occurring in the same or overlapping geographical areas | Sympatric speciation |
| Species inhabiting different geographival areas | Allopatric speciation |
| Sertoli cells | Testes |
| Hepatocyte cells | Liver |
| Nephrons | Kidney |
| An enlarged and muscular saclike organ of the alimentary canal; the principal organ of digestion | Stomach |
| Duct through which urine is discharged in most mammals and which serves as the male genital duct | Urethra |
| The process of wavelike muscle contractions of the alimentary tract that moves food along | Peristalsis |
| The act of swallowing | Deglutition |
| Membranous tube with cartilaginous rings that conveys inhaled air from the larynx to the bronchi | Trachea |
| A stage of arteriosclerosis involving fatty deposits atheromas inside the arterial walls, thus narrowing the arteries | Atherosclerosis |
| Sclerosis of the arterial walls | Arteriosclerosis |
| Inflammation of a joint or joints | Arthritis |
| Associated with the eardrum | Tympanic membrane |