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level: Lecture 8: Joint Pathology 1

Questions and Answers List

Osteoartheritis

level questions: Lecture 8: Joint Pathology 1

QuestionAnswer
Osteoartheritis is the least common artheritis. True or False?What is the most common type of artheritis?
- Lumbosacral spine. - Hip. - Knee. - Foot: First Metatarsophalangeal Joints - Hands: distal interphalangeal joints, proximal interphalangeal joints (PIP) and base of the thumb. ... are the most effected areas in Osteoartheritis? True or False?What body parts are most often effected by Osteoartheritis?
Hip, Elbow, Ankle are the most effected areas in Osteoartheritis? True or False?What joints do Osteoartheritis spare?
Maybe because their particular cartilages are uniquely resistant to loading stress that these 3 joints are resistant to osteoartheritis?Why might the hip, elbow and ankle be particularly resistant to Osteoartheritis?
_____________ is joint failure, a disease in which all structures of the joint have undergone pathologic changes, often at the same time.What causes Osteoartheritis?
Repeated joint injury via failure of protective mechanisms causes what?What causes joint failure?
____________ Reduces friction between articular cartilage and the surface by providing lubrication.What does synovial fluid do?
Lubricin is secreted by the ______ ______ in the joint capsule?What is secreted by the synovial fibroblast?
Joint injury or synovial inflammation causes ________ to decrease secretion.Lubricin decreases secretion after _________ or _________?
_______ and _______ contain mechanoreceptors that signals the spinal cord to adjust loading.Ligaments and Tendons contain ____________ that signals the spinal cord to adjust loading.
1) provide power and acceleration for the limb. 2) minimize focal stress across the joint by distributing the impactThe contractions of muscles and tendons do what (2)?
_________ causes compressive stiffness to cartillage.Aggrecan causes ________ ________ to cartillage.
Chondrocyte, collegen and aggrecan make up __________.Cartillage is made up of what 3 things?
The substance between cells or in which structures are embedded is called.What is "matrix"?
Chondrocytes synthesize what?What synthesizes the elements of "matrix"?
Healthy cartillage is indicated by what 3 traits?What are the following traits indicative of? - Is metabolically sluggish. - Has a slow matrix turnover. - Has synthesis and degradation in balance.
- Previous damage (e.g., meniscectomy). - Weakness of bridging muscles. - Increasing bone density. - Misalignment (e.g., varus and valgus). - Proprioceptive deficiencies (e.g., diabetes). - Obesity These increase the likelihood of what joint disease?What are 3 non-genetic factors that might lead to osteoartheritis?
Bone spurs are also called...?What's another name for "osteophytes"?
 Cartilage degeneration and irregularity.  Cartilage erosion.  Thickness and sclerosis/hardening of the subchondral bony plate (between shaft/head).  Mild synovitis (not in all cases of OA)/swelling  Outgrowth of osteophytes/spurs at the joint margin.  Swollen and fibrotic capsule.Pathological symptoms of Osteoartheritis? (5 or 6)
Synovial inflamation, joint effusion/fluid, bone marrow edema/swelling, capsular stretching are causes of pain in this joint disease.What causes Osteoartheritic pain?
What is the medical term for "swelling"?What is "edema"?
"Water on the knee"? is medically called ________?What is "joint effusion"?
Morning stiffness Deep, aching joint pain (increases with activity) Crepitous (Cracking Sound) Reduced Range of Motion Joint effusion/swelling Bone spursWhat are the CLINICAL FEATURES of Osteoartheritis?
The cracking quality of a joint is called ______?What is "crepitus"?
_________ nodes: osteophytes at the distal phalanges joints (DIP).Heberden nodes: osteophytes at the _IP joints.
_________ nodes: osteophytes at the proximal phalanges joints (PIP).Bouchard nodes: osteophytes at the _IP joints.
To alleviate pain. To minimize loss of physical function. To prevent from further damage This is the process of treating what?The goals, when treating osteoartheritis, are:
- Avoid activities that overload the joint - Improving the strength and conditioning of the muscles that bridge the joint. - Redistribute the load (use of a brace or aid) - Exercise - Alignment Correction via treatment or brace. These are advised to people with ___________.What are non-pharmacological treatments for Osteoartheritis?
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are also abbreviated as ______?What does NSAID mean?
True.True or false: NSAIDS are effective in treating Osteopartheritis?
False. Chondrocyte transplantation has NOT been found to be efficient in OA, perhaps because OA includes pathology of joint mechanics, which is NOT corrected by chondrocyte transplantation.Chondrocyte transplantation has been found to be efficient in treating OA. True or False.