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level: Hygeine

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Hygeine

QuestionAnswer
1 Veterinary hygiene and environmental protection is the science which approach:the complex relations between animal organism and environment in order to ensure good animal welfare, raise the animal productions level, prevent the transmission of diseases from animals to human
2 The control of epidemic diseases is achieved through:eradication programs
Concerning the higher and higher demands of the foodstuff consumers and the general public, the guarantee for food safety and quality is ensured by applying the system (the concept):from stable to table
According to the new expanding of the disease concept, can be considered conventional disease:an infectious disease
The use of rearing (animal husbandry) systems that doesn't imply vaccination or growth hormones and antibiotics is in compliance with:the higher demands in international trade
Among the methods of study in veterinary hygiene field, the physical methods (physical analysis) framing within:the methods for study the environmental factors
In which layer of the atmosphere the maximum amount of ozone can be found (ozonosphere - ozone layer):mesosphere
Which layer of the atmosphere contains 90% of water vapors quantity, of air dust and microorganisms:the troposphere
Atmosphere is a complex mix of:gases, water vapors, dust, microorganisms, radioactive particulates
The normal concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere is:20.95%
11 Increase of atmospheric pressure may result in the increase of the nitrogen blood amount and subsequently to:hyperbaric narcosis (unconsciousness)
12 Regarding the oxygen in the air, life is possible as long as its concentration is higher than:11-12%
The main cause of greenhouse effect (associated with global warming) is:carbon dioxide
Ozone is an allotropic form of:oxygen
The reduced oxygen supply in tissues (the tissues' lack of oxygen) is called:hypoxia
According to Gibbs, air dust (air particulates) can be classified in:common dust, cloud (fog) and smoke
The highest prevalence of conioses can be recorded:for the respiratory system
18 The main action of dust with charcoal and petroleum compounds is:photodynamic effect - photosensitivity
Flugge droplets, as a form of microoorganisms presence in the air, are implied in disease transmission by:direct contact - contagious diseases
Turbulence is an air warming phenomenon defined as:a disorderly air motion in all directions
The latent heat (insensible heat loss) represents the heat transfer from the animal to the environment by:water evaporation
The process by which an animal copes (adjusts) to higher temperature of the environment, is called:thermolysis
The air temperatures frame (interval) in which the animal internal temperature remains stable (constant) with a minimum engage of thermal regulation system is called:thermal neutral zone
Animal adjustments in cold condition doesn't include:wing-fluttering and waving
The joint (combined) action of low air temperature and high humidity generates:a frigore and rheumatoid diseases
High air humidity:facilitates the development of microorganisms, parasites and intermediate host
27 A form of precipitation generated on terrestrial surface is:dew
Concerning the cloud coverage - the extent to which the sky is obstructed by clouds, can be described as sunny days the days with:0-3.5 conventional degrees
A line connecting points (places) on a geographic map having equal rainfall at a certain time or for a specific period is called:isohyet
Glaze can cause:bone fractures, abortion
Concerning air pressure influence upon animals, blood oxygen ranges normal values (have very good value) in altitudes:up to 360 m
Regarding the increasing of animal heat losses due to wind direct influence, the highest loss value can be found:at an angle of 90 °
Ultraviolet radiation has wavelength of:150-400 nm
α and β radiation are:corpuscular radiation (particulate radiation)
Actinotherapy for wounds healing stimulation use mainly the positive effect of:ultraviolet radiation
From retina, light stimuli can be directly transmitted to hypothalamus and limbic system by:Frey pathways
The implication of the visible light in photosynthesis (plant conversion of the light energy into chemical energy) is one of the visible light:energetical action
The lifetime of small air ions in clean air is:20 minutes
Air ionization can be measured by:Ebert and Gardien electro-meters
Via physical and biological mechanisms, the negative air ions:reduce the total number of bacteria in the air
Concerning air electric field, chose the gradient value for fine weather conditions:120 - 150 V/m
Air electric field:bypasses altitude differences and large objects including animal houses - so is recommended that animal locomotion to be done off-farm (outdoor)
CG lightning:is an electric discharge between clouds and the Earth's surface
Lightning strike is caused by:CG lightning
Condensation nuclei are:solid particles suspended in the air, the cause of precipitation
Weather is:the physical state of the atmosphere at a certain time
Choose an anticyclone bellow:Siberian High
Neuroses, neuralgia or migraine are:anemopathies
The alpin (alpine) climate ranges:in altitudes higher than 1000 m
Soil is not:the main cause of greenhouse effect
Occurrence of injuries in the contact areas (pressure ulcers or bedsores) is:a soil direct action
Healthy soils are:located on dry, sunny lands
Diseases correlated with soil excess or/and deficiency in mineral elements are called:geochemical endemic diseases
The following statement is true for the acidic pH soils:the activity of microorganisms is inhibited
Capillary pores (gaps) in the soil have diameter:less than 2 mm
Permanent or autochthonous bacteria in soil are:bacteria (germs) adapted to unfertilized soil
The maximum persistence in the soil of the vegetative bacteria form and the sporulated bacterial form are:4-10 weeks; 20 years
Regarding the microorganisms (bacteria) distribution in the soil, the highest number can be found:at 4-30 cm depth beneath the ground level
From the processes bellow, choose the one that is not a soil degradation form:eutrophication
Regarding soil pollution with street sweeping wastes, the wastes resulting in markets have values of:1 cm / 1000 sqm / day
Special wastes implied in soil pollution can be considered:residues generated by hospitals, diagnosis and research facilities
The presence of Cl. perfringens (perfringens bacteria) in the soil and the lack of E. coli shows:an older or previous pollution
In autumn or in spring, the soil self-purification process:lasts 10 days
In animal husbandry, water:has biological role and technological role
From the total amount of water covering the Earth, the atmospheric water represents:0.01%
From the total amount of water covering the Earth, the sea and ocean water represents:97.2%
From the world resource, fresh water used in industry represents a percent of:25%
World Health Organization states that the biologic water need is:5 l / day / citizen
The third (the last) moment in rainwater pollution is:when touching the ground (the soil)
Among flowing water bodies (streams), torrents can be described as:intermittent
For backwater (stagnant water bodies), different smell and taste changes can occur mainly due to:phytoplankton and zooplankton overgrowth
Wetlands (swamps, mires, marshes) are accumulations of water in Earth's crust hollows with depth:below 5 m
73 In term with the aquifer layer depth, groundwater can be classified as:phreatic water and high depth groundwater
In 4th quality class water, according to saprobic system, the number of bacteria:exceeds 1 million / ml of water
In the third quality class water, according to saprobic system, can be found:alfa-mesosaprobic organisms
Choose a disadvantage (a drawback) of animal housing:reducing animal locomotion
Select the right requirement in choosing a good farm site:to have a slope of 1-3°
In Romania, the minimum distance farm-communities (city/village) for pig units is:500-1'000 m
Odorant gases (smell gases) from farm generate discomfort and can be felt up to:1'000-1'500 m distance from farm
For ensuring a proper house lighting, the minimum distance between animal barns without outdoor access areas is:6-10 m
Thermal conductivity coefficient (k) for doors and windows in animal houses has values of:2-5 kcal / sqm / h / °C
Choose a type of animal house which can be easily adapted to any site or livestock and has no permanent foundation: a) common house b) modular house c) d) house with artificial lighting system e)manufactured house
Choose a type of barn foundation which extends over the entire loaded area:raft foundation
84 From the barn total amount of heat losses to the outside, the heat loss through the ceiling is:50%
The slope of flat roofs for animal houses is:less than 5%
In adult horses, the required quantity of litter (bedding) is:4-8 kg / day
The sanitary veterinary unit, smallest subdivision which ensures animal health surveillance, is:pens, boxes, cubicles, cages
Equiball is:a device releasing the fodder when is pushed by the animals
Simple troughs for cattle feeding have:one side access
Choose a feeding device for cattle on pasture:circular hay rack
Until the weaning, the feeding of the calves can be done by using:buckets with nipple
Concerning the veals / beef calves, the finishing time for semi-intensive system is at the age of:15-20 months
Fodder processing room, pumping station, mixing tanks are facilities for the following pig feeding system:liquid feeding system
For hens in battery cages the access to fodder is done beneath a limiter (adjusting plate) placed in the trough until the age of:40 days
Choosing the animals and groups formation are:animal husbandry / stockmanship actions before transport
Which transporter authorization is valid for all journeys (shorter or longer than 8 hours):type 2
Which statement is not correct for vehicles used for long journeys:must have water tanks' total capacity at least equal to 10 % of vehicle load
Which document must have the animals' transporters for long journeys (taking longer than 8 hours), an extensive document with 5 sections:journey log
Cannot be transported by car on a route of more than 100 km:lambs of less than one week
In which animals the loading/unloading ramps must have slopes not steeper than an angle of 26 degrees 34 minutes (50%):sheep