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level: Board review part 2

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Board review part 2

QuestionAnswer
Measures the safety and usefulness of the drugs:therapeutic index
Most common side effect of chloramphenicol:aplastic anemia
Most common side effect of aminoglycosides:ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
Most common side effect of clindamycin:pseudomembranous colitis
Most common side effect of rifampicin:orange discoloration of urine
Where can you find kernicterus as its side effect?sulfonamide
Drug of choice for typhoid fever:chloramphenicol
Drug of choice for pseudomembranous colitis:vancomycin
drug of choice for herpes zoster (shingles) infection:acyclovir
Drug of choice for trichomoniasis:metronidazole
This anti-infective agent has disulfiram-like effect when taken with alcoholic beverages:metronidazole
This drug can be used for both PTB and leprosy:rifampicin
Vitamin given to prevent pernicious anemia:cobalamine
Antiviral agent also used for leukemia:vidarabine
Vitamin which has an antisterility effect:vitamin E
Mechanism of action of aminoglycosides:inhibit protein synthesis
Mechanism of action of sulfonamides:inhibit the synthesis of bacterial cell wall
Mechanism of action of erythromycin:inhibit protein synthesis
Mechanism of action of nystatin:inhibit ergosterol
Mechanism of action of isoniazid:inhibit mycolic acid
antihelmintic agentNiclosamide
antimalarial agentQuinine
A patient is being treated for nighttime sedation. Which alteration in warfarin dosage is indicated?a decrease because its metabolism has been inhibited
Displacement of a drug from plasma binding sites would usually be expected to:increase tissue levels of the drug
Widely used in cancer management that are classified as steroid hormone:prednisolone & prednisone
the ff. are the effects of morphine:respiratory depression
Long-acting anti-diabetic agents:protamine zinc insulin suspension
The ff. are antidotes for morphine poisoning:naloxone & naltrexone
The ff. are non-narcotic analgesics:acetylsalicylic acid
Type of epilepsy which involves the spread of electrical firing in a single hemisphere of the brain:partial
Richest source of vitamin A:fish liver oil
Which of the following effect/s of histamines are mediated through H2 receptors, :uterine relaxation
Drug used to treat amoebiasis can be categorized as the following,luminal
An antiviral drug used for parkinsonism which releases dopamine from storage vesicles:amantidine
Drug of choice for mania:lithium carbonate
Vitamin K deficiency state:hemorrhage
Type of general seizure which involves the abnormal movement of muscles:myoclonic seizures
is effective in the management of gastric acid hypersecretion and symptoms relief with Zollinger- Ellison syndrome:omeprazole
Oral hypoglycemic drugs,tolbutamide
Isoniazid may produce peripheral neuropathy and can be prevented by co-administration of:vitamin B6
Most potent member of the general anesthetics:methoxyflurane
A Phenobarbital derivative which is used in combination therapy for types of epilepsy:primidone
Precursor of Vitamin D3:cholesterol
Responsible for calcification of bone and renal phosphate clearance:sulfonamide
The H2 histamine receptor lockers are of great value in treating patients with:Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Thyroid function is controlled by the tropic hormonethyrotropin-stimulating hormone
Which of the following penicillin/s is/are penicillinase-resistant?cloxacillin & oxacillin
Agent that facilitates the expulsion of gases from the GIT:anti-flatulents
First line drug against all common intestinal nematodes:mebendazole
The ff. are effects of morphine:coma
It inhibits the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of Mycobacteria:rifampicin
Therapy choice for diarrhea:oral rehydration salts
Xanthine alkaloid used as bronchodilator:theophylline
Slow-acting antimalarial agents:pyrimethamine
The ff. are general anesthetics:nitrous oxide
For the treatment of postoperative retention of urine that the patient is likely to e benefited with drug/s possessing which of the ff. property(ies):smooth muscle stimulant property
The ff. are antipsychotic drugs:chlorpromazine
Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase enzyme may be therapeutically useful for which of the ff. purposes,to produce diuresis
Androgens can cause fluid retention, leading to:edema
Drug of choice for status epilepticus in children:Phenobarbital
The ff. drugs are systemic anti-fungals,amphotericin
Which of the following are the main advantages of ranitidine over cimetidine?higher potency
Among the following, which is the primary action of heparin responsible for its anticoagulant effect?activation of plasma antithrombin III
The following are uricosuric agents:probenecid & sulfinpyrazole
The ff. effect of histamine is mediated through H1 receptors,bronchoconstriction
The following are non-narcotic analgesics:naproxen
Which of the following drug primarily act on the proximal tubule (site 1) to produce it their diuretic effect,mannitol
Also known as absence seizures:petit mal
Agents that facilitate the easy removal of compacted fecal matter:cathartics
Vitamin B12 deficiency state:pernicious anemia
The non-systemic antacids are preferred because of the safety as well as:longer duration of action
Bactericidal drugs that are applied to non-living material:disinfectants
An anti-inflammatory drug also used for malaria:chloroquine
drugs affecting thyroid:thyroxine
This heart condition develops when the blood volume is great compared to the space available inside blood vessels; this can be caused by edema:hypertension
An anti-psychotic drug possessing antihistaminic and anti-emetic properties:promethazine
Which of the ff. tends to cause black, tarry stools?ferrous sulfate
Fecal softener:docusate
Both oxytocin and vasopressin increase:uterine contractility
carbonic anhydrase inhibitor:acetazolamide
Anti-TB drug which causes optic neuritis:ethambutol
An antidote for heparin overdosage:protamine sulfate
Potassium ion- hydrogen ion ATPase dependent pump inhibitor:omeprazole
A non-selective beta antagonist, it blocks both beta 1 and beta 2 receptors:propranolol
Each of the following drugs produces a reflex increase in sympathetic activity and tachycardia as side effects,nitroglycerine
Which of the following drugs could be used effectively to alleviate postpartum breast engorgement in patients who are breastfeeding their infants?oxytocin
Angina is treated with:Drugs that increase perfusion of the myocardia by relaxing coronary arteries
Agents that facilitate the easy removal of compacted fecal matter from the large intestines:laxatives
Megaloblastic anemia can develop as consequence of prolonged therapy with each of the following,phenytoin
Type of anemia which produces immature RBC decreasing their oxygen carrying capacity (this results due to the decreased biosynthesis of thymidylate which in turn is utilized in the synthesis of DNA):megaloblastic anemia
The side effects of steroids diminish when the drug is given via:inhalation
Vitamin used in cancer chemotherapy:cyanocobalamine
In a person with ulcerative colitis and diarrhea, which agent would have the greatest potential for producing perforation of the intestine?morphine
Anti-diarrheal agents include all of the ff.,kaolin
Administration of each of the following drugs during chronic dicumarol therapy may cause an increase in the anticoagulant effect of dicumarol:Phenobarbital
The richest source of vitamin K:green leafy vegetables
A stimulant laxative also used as an indicator in acid-base titrations:phenolphthalein
The most specific drug therapy for neostigmine-induced diarrhea would be:tincture of belladonna
Antidote for INH toxicity:pyridoxine
Anti-ulcer drug which possesses both anti-secretory and cytoprotective properties:misoprostol
Antidote for carbon monoxide poisoning:100% oxygen
The development of metabolic acidosis limits the diuretic efficacy of:acetazolamide
Side effects of organic nitrates include the ff.,postural hypotension
An antihypertensive agent that rarely produces postural hypotension as a troublesome side effect is:hydrochlorothiazide
Metabolic alkalosis is likely to enhance digitalis toxicity because it is often associated with:decreased tissue potassium
For the emergency treatment of anaphylactic shock, one should administer:epinephrine
Diuretics that act on the ascending Loop of Henle:furosemide &. ethacrynic acid
Agents that control excessive sweating:anti-perspirants
Hemolytic anemia is a recognized danger in the administration of all of the ff.,sulfadiazine
Chemical compounds that alleviate irritation of mucous membrane or abraded tissue by forming a protective coating:demulcents
The excretion of large volumes of urine isotonic with plasma is most likely to occur after the administration of:acetazolamide
The ff. drugs are used as bronchodilators:calcium channel blockers
This drug is a mainstay for the acute treatment of migraine:ergotamine
Common toxic effects of digitoxin include all of the following,anorexia
Types of anemia which causes neurological symptoms, achlorhydria, plus the symptoms of megaloblastic anemia:pernicious anemia
Which of the ff. agents is least likely to produce kidney damage when used to treat a systemic infection?erythromycin
Agents that lower serum cholesterol by interfering with cholesterol synthesis include:clofibrate
An ergot alkaloid used to induce uterine smooth muscle contraction:ergonovine
Drugs used for microcytic anemia:ferrous sulfate
The condition wherein the heart can no longer pump enough blood to meet the metabolic demands of the body:congestive heart failure
Drug of choice for persistent hiccups:carbon monoxide
Agents that reduce the number of resident bacteria of the skin and thus inhibit bacterial decomposition of perspiration:deodorants
Inherent pharmacologic property of iodine ion:expectorant
Pharmacologic actions of calcium channel blockers include:vasodilation due to the blockade of calcium and reduction of intracellular calcium
This dusting powder is not used as a lubricant for surgical gloves since it may produce granulomas:talc
Deficiency state of folic acid:megaloblastic anemia
Anti-nauseant used by patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy:cannabinol
Oxygen-starved areas of the heart begin to die:myocardial infarction
These are toxic manifestations of atropine poisoning,increase heart rate
The side effect of magnesium containing antacids:laxative
Each of the ff. drugs produces a reflex increase in sympathetic activity and tachycardia as side effects,nitroglycerine
The ff. are the uses of ethyl alcohol:antiseptic
Which of the ff. anti-emetic compounds is most likely to produce jaundice and parkinsonism when used for prolonged periods?chlorpromazine
The organic nitrate given by inhalation is:amyl nitrate
Hydrochlorothiazide is known to produce all of the following,hyponatremia
Also known as hyperosmotic laxatives:saline laxatives
Constipating antacid:aluminum hydroxide
Osmotic diuretic:mannitol
These drugs increase the metabolism of quinidine:phenytoin
Parkinson-like symptoms are side effects of phenothizines; this is because phenothiazine causes:blockade of the dopamine recptors
Acts by centrally producing sedation and a state of indifference to environmental stimuli:reserpine
Which of the ff. types of pulmonary dysfunction may follow heroin abuse?pulmonary hypertension
Xanthine derivatives may produce the following effects:stimulation of the heart rate
The ratio of the LD50 to the ED50 is an indication of the:therapeutic index
The applied form of pharmacology:pharmacotherapeutics
Drug interaction may be due to the following,drug-drug interaction
drug information is a responsibility of:pharmacist