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level: Thermal energy changes

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Thermal energy changes

Question	Answer
The process of energy transfer into or out of a system's thermal energy store, leading to changes in temperature.	Thermal Energy Transfer
What happens to systems when energy is transferred into their thermal energy store?	Systems warm up when energy is transferred into their thermal energy store.
The process in which energy is transferred out of a system's thermal energy store, leading to a decrease in temperature.	Cooling Down
What occurs when energy is transferred out of a system's thermal energy store?	Systems cool down when energy is transferred out of their thermal energy store.
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance or system.	Energy Requirement for Warming Up
Why do some systems require more energy than others to warm up?	The energy required for warming up varies based on the substance's properties, such as its specific heat capacity.
It takes 130 J of energy to raise the temperature of 1 kg of gold by 1°C, whereas it takes 4200 J of energy to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1°C.	Heating Gold vs. Water
How does the energy requirement for heating gold compare to that of water?	Heating 1 kg of gold requires less energy (130 J) compared to heating 1 kg of water (4200 J) by the same temperature increment.
While gold may warm up faster than water due to its lower specific heat capacity, water can store more thermal energy per unit mass.	Warming Rate vs. Thermal Energy Storage
What does it mean for water to have a higher capacity to store thermal energy compared to gold?	Although gold may warm up faster, water can store more thermal energy per unit mass, making it effective for retaining heat over time.
The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one degree Celsius.	Specific Heat Capacity
What is specific heat capacity?	Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C.
How is specific heat capacity measured?	Specific heat capacity is measured in joules per kilogram degree Celsius (J/kg°C).
Water has a specific heat capacity of 4200 J/kg°C, meaning it takes 4200 joules of energy to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree Celsius.	Water's Specific Heat Capacity
What is the specific heat capacity of water?	The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/kg°C.