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level: Level 1 of Chapter 13

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of Chapter 13

QuestionAnswer
a person who pays money, usually once a year, to receive regular copies of a magazine or newspaper or have access to it onlineSUBSCRIBERS to the magazine can take advantage of this special offer.
an amount of money that you pay regularly to receive a service, be a member of a club, support a charity or receive regular copies of a newspaper or magazine; the act of paying this moneySUBSCRIPTIONS are due annually by the end of January.
money that is paid by a government or an organization to reduce the costs of services or of producing goods so that their prices can be kept lowto reduce the level of SUBSIDY
large in amount, value or importanceSUBSTANTIAL numbers of people support the reforms.
very much; a lotThe plane was SUBSTANTIALLY damaged in the crash.
a person or thing that you use or have instead of the one you normally use or haveThe course teaches you the theory but there's no SUBSTITUTE for practical experience.
to take the place of somebody/something else; to use somebody/something instead of somebody/something elseNothing can SUBSTITUTE for the advice your doctor is able to give you.
an act of using one person or thing in the place of anotherthe SUBSTITUTION of low-fat spreads for butter
(often approving) not very obvious or easy to noticeThere are SUBTLE differences between the two versions.
in or connected with a suburblife in SUBURBAN / suburban London
a number of people or things that follow each other in time or orderShe has won the award for the third year in SUCCESSION.
following immediately one after the otherSUCCESSIVE governments have tried to tackle the problem.
a person or thing that comes after somebody/something else and takes their/its placeTheir latest release is a worthy SUCCESSOR to their popular debut album.
to take liquid, air, etc. into your mouth by using the muscles of your lipsShe was noisily SUCKING up milk through a straw.
to make a claim against a person or an organization in court about something that they have said or done to harm youto SUE somebody for breach of contract
the act of killing yourself deliberatelyan attempted SUICIDE (= one in which the person survives)
a set of rooms, especially in a hotela hotel/private/honeymoon SUITE
the highest point of something, especially the top of a mountainWe reached the SUMMIT at noon.
excellent; of very good qualitysuperb
better in quality than somebody/something else; greater than somebody/something elseThis model is technically SUPERIOR to its competitors.
to be in charge of somebody/something and make sure that everything is done correctly, safely, etc.She SUPERVISED the children playing near the pool.
the work or activity involved in being in charge of somebody/something and making sure that everything is done correctly, safely, etc.Very young children should not be left to play without SUPERVISION.
a person who supervises somebody/somethingI have a meeting with my SUPERVISOR about my research topic.
a thing that is added to something else to improve or complete itIndustrial sponsorship is a SUPPLEMENT to government funding.
to add something to something in order to improve it or make it more completea diet SUPPLEMENTED with vitamin pills
encouraging somebody or giving them help or sympathyShe was very SUPPORTIVE during my father's illness.
according to what is generally thought or believed but not known for certainThe novel is SUPPOSEDLY based on a true story.
(usually disapproving) (of a government, ruler, etc.) to put an end, often by force, to a group or an activity that is believed to threaten authorityThe rebellion was brutally SUPPRESSED.
highest in rank or positionthe SUPREME Commander of the armed forces
a sudden increase of a strong feelingShe felt a sudden SURGE of anger.
to move quickly and with force in a particular directionFlood waters SURGED into their homes.
used in or connected with surgerySURGICAL procedures
an amount that is extra or more than you needWheat was in SURPLUS that year.
to admit that you have been defeated and want to stop fighting; to allow yourself to be caught, taken prisoner, etc.The hijackers eventually SURRENDERED themselves to the police.
the act of carefully watching a person suspected of a crime or a place where a crime may be committedThe police are keeping the suspects under constant SURVEILLANCE.
the act of officially removing somebody from their job, school, team, etc. for a period of time, usually as a punishmentThe two players are appealing against their SUSPENSIONS.
a feeling that somebody has done something wrong, illegal or dishonest, even though you have no proofHe was arrested on SUSPICION of murder.
feeling that somebody has done something wrong, illegal or dishonest, without having any proofThey became SUSPICIOUS of his behaviour and contacted the police.
to provide enough of what somebody/something needs in order to live or existThe love and support of his family SUSTAINED him during his time in prison.
a swinging movement or rhythmHe took a wild SWING at the ball.
to move backwards or forwards or from side to side while hanging from a fixed point; to make something do thisAs he pushed her, she SWUNG higher and higher (= while sitting on a SWING).
a weapon with a long metal blade (= sharp cutting part) and a handleto draw/sheathe a SWORD (= to take it out of/put it into its cover)
containing symbols, or being used as a symbolThe ceremony has a deep SYMBOLIC meaning.
a set of physical conditions that show you have a particular disease or medical problemThis SYNDROME is associated with frequent coughing.
the act of combining separate ideas, beliefs, styles, etc.; a mixture or combination of ideas, beliefs, styles, etc.synthesis
done according to a system or plan, in a complete, efficient or determined waya SYSTEMATIC approach to solving the problem
an act of trying to take the ball from an opponent in football (soccer), hockey, etc.; an act of knocking somebody to the ground, for example in rugby or American footballHe was booked for a late TACKLE on Torres.
the particular method you use to achieve somethingThis was just the latest in a series of delaying TACTICS.
connected with the particular method you use to achieve somethingTelling your boss you were looking for a new job was a TACTICAL error (= it was the wrong thing to do at that time).
a person who pays tax to the government, especially on the money that they earnHundreds of thousands of pounds of TAXPAYERS' money (= money paid in taxes) have been spent on the project.
to attract somebody or make somebody want to do or have something, even if they know it is wrongDon't TEMPT thieves by leaving valuables clearly visible.
a person who pays rent for the use of a room, building, land, etc. to the person who owns itThey had evicted their TENANTS for non-payment of rent.
kind, gentle and lovingWhat he needs now is a lot of TENDER loving care (= sympathetic treatment).
the period of time when somebody holds an important job, especially a political one; the act of holding an important jobShe had a long TENURE of office.
(of an illness or a disease) that cannot be cured and will lead to death, often slowlyThe illness is usually TERMINAL.
to end; to make something endYour contract of employment TERMINATES in December.
used to refer to an area of land when you are mentioning its natural features, for example, if it is rough, flat, etcThey walked for miles across steep and inhospitable TERRAIN.
excellent; wonderfulI feel absolutely TERRIFIC today!
to make a statement that something happened or that something is true, especially as a witness in courtShe refused to TESTIFY against her husband.
(formal) a thing that shows that something else exists or is trueThis increase in exports bears TESTIMONY to the successes of industry.
the way a surface, substance or piece of cloth feels when you touch it, for example how rough, smooth, hard or soft it isShe uses a variety of different colours and TEXTURES in her wall hangings.
used to show that you are pleased that something good has happened or that something bad has been avoidedThere was a fire in the building, but THANKFULLY no one was hurt.
connected with the theatrea THEATRICAL agent
the study of religion and beliefsthe rarefied world of academic THEOLOGY
connected with the ideas and principles on which a particular subject is based, rather than with practice and experimentThe first year provides students with a sound THEORETICAL basis for later study.
after the time or event mentionedShe married at 17 and gave birth to her first child shortly THEREAFTER.
used to introduce the result of the action or situation mentionedRegular exercise strengthens the heart, THEREBY reducing the risk of heart attack.
making people think seriously about a particular subject or issuea brilliant and THOUGHT-PROVOKING play
quiet, because you are thinkingHe looked THOUGHTFUL.
a thin string of cotton, wool, silk, etc. used for sewing or making clotha robe embroidered with gold THREAD
the floor or ground at the bottom of a doorway, considered as the entrance to a building or roomHe stepped across the THRESHOLD.
very excited and pleasedHe was THRILLED at the prospect of seeing them again.
to become, and continue to be, successful, strong, healthy, etc.New businesses THRIVE in this area.
a regular rise and fall in the level of the sea, caused by the pull of the moon and sun; the flow of water that happens as the sea rises and fallsIs the TIDE coming in or going out?
to hold or fix something more securely in position; to make something or become more difficult to move, open or separateThe brake cable needs TIGHTENING up.
trees that are grown to be used in building or for making thingsthe TIMBER industry
happening at exactly the right timeThis has been a TIMELY reminder to us all.
the dried leaves of the tobacco plant that are used for making cigarettes, smoking in a pipe, etc.The government imposed a ban on TOBACCO advertising (= the advertising of cigarettes and all other forms of TOBACCO).
the quality of being willing to accept or tolerate somebody/something, especially opinions or behaviour that you may not agree with, or people who are not like youShe had no TOLERANCE for jokes of any kind.
to allow somebody to do something that you do not agree with or likeTheir relationship was TOLERATED but not encouraged.
money that you pay to use a particular road or bridgethe possibility of imposing TOLLS on some motorways
to be higher than a particular amountWorldwide sales look set to TOP $1 billion.
the act of causing somebody severe pain in order to punish them or make them say or do somethingMany of the refugees have suffered TORTURE.
to hurt somebody physically or mentally in order to punish them or make them tell you somethingMany of the rebels were captured and TORTURED by secret police.
to throw something lightly or carelesslyI TOSSED the book aside and got up.
to reach a particular totalImports TOTALLED $1.5 billion last year.
containing poison; poisonousThis chemical is TOXIC to many forms of life.
a mark, an object or a sign that shows that somebody/something existed or was presentYears of living in England had eliminated all TRACE of her American accent.
a name, symbol or design that a company uses for its products and that cannot be used by anyone else‘Big Mac’ is McDonald's best-known TRADEMARK.
a long line or series of marks that is left by somebody/somethingtourists who leave a TRAIL of litter everywhere they go
to pull something behind somebody/something, usually along the ground; to be pulled along in this wayA jeep TRAILING a cloud of dust was speeding in my direction.
a truck, or a container with wheels, that is pulled by another vehiclea car towing a TRAILER with a boat on it
a piece of business that is done between people, especially an act of buying or sellingfinancial TRANSACTIONS between companies
a written or printed copy of words that have been spokenThe White House posted a TRANSCRIPT of the speech on its website.
a complete change in somebody/somethingThe way in which we work has undergone a complete TRANSFORMATION / transformation in the past decade.
the process of being moved or carried from one place to anothergoods damaged in TRANSIT
the act or process of passing something from one person, place or thing to anotherClasses are based on discussion rather than on the one-way TRANSMISSION of knowledge.
the quality of something, such as a situation or an argument, that makes it easy to understandThe police reforms will ensure greater TRANSPARENCY and accountability.
(of glass, plastic, etc.) allowing you to see through itThe insect's wings are almost TRANSPARENT.
(psychology) a mental condition caused by severe shock, stress or fear, especially when the harmful effects last for a long timethe effects of TRAUMA and stress on the body