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level: Level 1 of Chapter 9

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of Chapter 9

QuestionAnswer
a statue, stone, etc. that is built in order to remind people of an important past event or of a famous person who has dieda MEMORIAL to victims of the Holocaust
an experienced person who advises and helps somebody with less experience over a period of timeShe was a friend and MENTOR to many young actors.
a person who buys and sells goods in large quantities, especially one who imports and exports goodsa coal/wine MERCHANT
a kind or forgiving attitude towards somebody that you have the power to harm or right to punishto ask/beg/plead for MERCY
used when you want to emphasize how small, unimportant, etc. somebody/something isA MERE 2 per cent of their budget has been spent on publicity.
used meaning ‘only’ or ‘simply’ to emphasize a fact or something that you are sayingIt is not MERELY a job, but a way of life.
to combine or make two or more things combine to form a single thingHis department will MERGE with mine.
the act of joining two or more organizations or businesses into onea MERGE between the two banks
(formal) the quality of being good and of deserving praise or rewardThe plan is entirely without MERIT.
a set of methods and principles used to perform a particular activityrecent changes in the METHODOLOGY of language teaching
the middle part of somethingSuch beauty was unexpected in the MIDST of the city.
the movement every year of large numbers of birds or animals from one place to anotherthe seasonal MIGRATION of blue whales
using, or willing to use, force or strong pressure to achieve your aims, especially to achieve social or political changeMILITANT groups/leaders
a person who uses, or is willing to use, force or strong pressure to achieve their aims, especially to achieve social or political changeStudent MILITANTS were fighting with the police.
a group of people who are not professional soldiers but who have had military training and can act as an armyHe said he would call out the state MILITIA if the rebels did not surrender.
a building fitted with equipment for grinding grain into flour; a machine for grinding grainThe old MILL has been converted into apartments.
very small in size or amount; as small as possibleThe work was carried out at MINIMAL cost.
to reduce something, especially something bad, to the lowest possible levelGood hygiene helps to MINIMIZE the risk of infection.
the process of getting coal and other minerals from under the ground; the industry involved in thisa MINING company/community/engineer
a government department that has a particular area of responsibilityThe MINISTRY of Defence has issued the following statement.
extremely smallMINUTE amounts of chemicals in the water
an act or event that does not follow the laws of nature and is believed to be caused by Godthe MIRACLE of rising from the grave
great physical or mental painFame brought her nothing but MISERY.
giving the wrong idea or impression and making you believe something that is not trueIt would be seriously MISLEADING to suggest that television has no effect on children.
a weapon that is sent through the air and that explodes when it hits the thing that it is aimed atnuclear MISSILES
a large crowd of people, especially one that may become violent or cause troubleThe MOB was/were preparing to storm the building.
the ability to move easily from one place, social class or job to anotherThe high cost of living acts as an obstacle to MOBILITY of labour.
to work together in order to achieve a particular aim; to organize a group of people to do thisThe unions MOBILIZED thousands of workers in a protest against the cuts.
that is neither very good, large, hot, etc. nor very bad, small, cold, etc.Even MODERATE amounts of the drug can be fatal.
the act or process of changing something in order to improve it or make it more acceptable; a change that is madeConsiderable MODIFICATION of the existing system is needed
the ability to keep increasing or developingThe fight for his release gathers MOMENTUM each day.
a member of a religious group of men who often live apart from other people in a monastery and who do not marry or have personal possessionsBenedictine/Buddhist MONKS
(business) the complete control of trade in particular goods or the supply of a particular service; a type of goods or a service that is controlled in this wayIn the past central government had a MONOPOLY on television broadcasting.
principles relating to right and wrong or good and bad behaviourStandards of MORALITY seem to be dropping.
a reason for doing somethingThere seemed to be no MOTIVE for the murder.
a person driving a carThe accident was reported by a passing MOTORIST.
connected with or belonging to a town, city or district that has its own local governmentMUNICIPAL elections/councils
used to describe feelings that two or more people have for each other equally, or actions that affect two or more people equallyI don't like her, and I think the feeling is MUTUAL (= she doesn't like me either).
used to introduce more exact and detailed information about something that you have just mentionedWe need to concentrate on our target audience, NAMELY women aged between 20 and 30.
happening or existing in all parts of a particular countryhe police conducted a NATIONWIDE hunt for the missing prisoners.
connected with the navy of a countrythe country’s NAVAL forces
the fact of not giving enough care or attention to something/somebody; the state of not receiving enough care or attentionThe law imposes penalties for the NEGLECT of children.
to fail to take care of somebody/somethingLocal communities have been NEGLECTED in favour of private sector interests.
located or living near or next to a place or persona NEIGHBOURING house
a hollow place or structure that a bird makes or chooses for laying its eggs in and sheltering its youngsparrows building a NEST of twigs and dry grass
a net amount of money is the amount that remains when nothing more is to be taken awayWhat do you earn NET of tax?
a report containing news of the activities of a club or organization that is sent regularly to all its membersOur sailing club produces a monthly NEWSLETTER.
a comfortable or suitable role, job, way of life, etc.He eventually found his NICHE in sports journalism.
having or showing fine personal qualities that people admire, such as courage, honesty and care for othersHe died for a NOBLE cause.
if you nod, nod your head or your head nods, you move your head up and down to show agreement, understanding, etc.I asked him if he would help me and he NODDED.
to formally suggest that somebody/something should be chosen for an important role, prize, position, etc.She has been NOMINATED for the presidency.
the act of suggesting or choosing somebody as a candidate in an election, or for a job or an award; the fact of being suggested for thisMembership of the club is by NOMINATION only.
a person who has been formally suggested for a job, a prize, etc.He was chosen as the party's presidential NOMINEE.
(of an organization) without the aim of making a profitan independent NON-PROFIT organization
despite this factThe book is too long but, NONETHELESS, informative and entertaining.
ideas, statements or beliefs that you think are silly or not trueit's NONSENSE to say they don't care.
12 o’clock in the middle of the dayThe conference opens at 12 NOON on Saturday.
deserving to be noticed or to receive attention; importantHis eyes are his most NOTABLE feature.
used for giving a good or the most important example of somethingThis argument has been put forward by many politicians, most NOTABLY by the Prime Minister and the Foreign Secretary.
to formally or officially tell somebody about somethinghe police must be NOTIFIED of the date of the demonstration
well known for being badThe bar has become NOTORIOUS as a meeting-place for drug dealers.
different from anything known before; new, interesting and often seeming slightly strangeJob-sharing is still a NOVEL concept and it will take a while for employers to get used to it.
a place where young children are cared for while their parents are at work; a day nursery or nursery schoolHer youngest child is at NURSERY now.
a reason why you do not like or are opposed to something; a statement about thisThe main OBJECTION to the plan was that it would cost too much.
to force somebody to do something, by law, because it is a duty, etc.I felt OBLIGED to ask them to dinner.
to completely fill your mind so that you cannot think of anything else, in a way that is not reasonable or normalShe's completely OBSESSED with him.
the state in which a person’s mind is completely filled with thoughts of one particular thing or person in a way that is not reasonable or normalThere's a national OBSESSION with celebrity in England.
happening or done sometimes but not oftenThe OCCASIONAL sweet treat won't do you any harm.
something that happens or existsThe program counts the number of OCCURRENCES of any word within the text.
the degree to which something is likely to happenThe ODDS are very much in our favour (= we are likely to succeed).
something that is produced for other people to use, watch, enjoy, etc.the latest OFFERING from the Canadian-born writer
a child of a particular person or couplethe problems parents have with their teenage OFFSPRING
connected with the way in which a business, machine, system, etc. worksOPERATIONAL activities/costs/difficulties
to choose to take or not to take a particular course of actionAfter graduating she OPTED for a career in music.
connected with the sense of sight or the relationship between light and sightOPTICAL effects
a feeling that good things will happen and that something will be successfula mood of cautious OPTIMISM
spoken rather than writtena test of both ORAL and written French
connected with the way in which the different parts of something are arranged; connected with an organizationORGANIZATIONAL changes within the party
a person’s basic beliefs or feelings about a particular subjecta person’s sexual ORIENTATION (= whether they are attracted to men, women or both)
to happen or appear for the first time in a particular place or situationThe disease is thought to have ORIGINATED in the tropics.
the sudden start of something unpleasant, especially violence or a diseaseOUTBREAKS of rain are expected in the afternoon.
a trip that you go on for pleasure or education, usually with a group of people and lasting no more than one dayEvery year she organized an OUTING to the countryside.
a shop or an organization that sells goods made by a particular company or of a particular typeThe business has 34 retail OUTLETS in this state alone.
the attitude to life and the world of a particular person, group or cultureHe had a practical OUTLOOK on life.
a strong feeling of shock and angerShe was filled with a strong sense of moral OUTRAGE.
to make somebody very shocked and angryHe was OUTRAGED at the way he had been treated.
a person who is not accepted as a member of a society, group, etc.Here she felt she would always be an OUTSIDER.
to fail to see or notice somethingIn my hurry to finish the exam I had OVERLOOKED part of one of the questions.
too; veryWe think you are being OVERLY optimistic.
to watch somebody/something and make sure that a job or an activity is done correctlyUnited Nations observers OVERSAW the elections.
if something overturns, or if somebody overturns it, it turns into a position in which the top of it is where the bottom of it normally is or on its sideHe stood up quickly, OVERTURNING his chair.
to have such a strong emotional effect on somebody that it is difficult for them to resist or know how to reactThe beauty of the landscape OVERWHELMED me.
very great or very strong; so powerful that you cannot resist it or decide how to reactThe OVERWHELMING majority of those present were in favour of the plan.
a thick piece of soft material that is used, for example, for cleaning or protecting something or for holding liquidmedicated cleansing PADS for sensitive skin
something that decides or limits the way in which something can be doneto set/define the PARAMETERS
connected with a parent or parentsPARENTAL responsibility/rights
an area that has its own church and that a priest is responsible forHe is vicar of a large rural PARISH.
connected with a parliament; having a parliamentPARLIAMENTARY elections
not complete or wholeIt was only a PARTIAL solution to the problem.
partly; not completelyThe road was PARTIALLY blocked by a fallen tree.
the process of time going byThe colour of the wood darkens with the PASSING of time.
accepting what happens or what people do without trying to change anything or oppose themShe wore a PASSIVE expression on her face as if she didn’t care what happened.
a minister in charge of a Christian church or group, especially in some Nonconformist churchesHe was ordained a PASTOR in the Lutheran Church.
a small area of something, especially one which is different from the area around ita black dog with a white PATCH on its back
an official right to be the only person to make, use or sell a product or an invention; a document that proves thisto apply for/obtain/take out a PATENT on an invention
a track that serves as a pathThey came out of the woods and onto a PATHWAY.
the act of going to different parts of a building, an area, etc. to make sure that there is no trouble or crimeSecurity guards make regular PATROL at night.
to go around an area or a building at regular times to check that it is safe and that there is no troubleTroops PATROLLED the border day and night.
a person who gives money and support to artists and writersFrederick the Great was the PATRON of many artists.
an account written by somebody, especially somebody famous, about their life and experiencesO'Connor published a childhood MEMOIR.