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level: Level 1 of Chapter 15

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of Chapter 15

QuestionAnswer
What are weak nuclear forceinteraction that causes β-decay, in which a hadron changes to a different hadron with emission of a lepton and an antilepton
What are weak nuclear forceinteraction that causes β-decay, in which a hadron changes to a different hadron with emission of a lepton and an antilepton
What are weak nuclear forceinteraction that causes β-decay, in which a hadron changes to a different hadron with emission of a lepton and an antilepton
Electron has a mass of approximately ............ and a charge of .......................9.11 x 10⁻³¹ kg (mₑ) -1.60 x 10⁻¹⁹ C (-e)
What is the radius of a proton/neutron10⁻¹⁵ m
What is the radius of a nucleus10⁻¹⁵m to 10⁻¹⁴ m
What is the radius of an atom?10⁻¹⁰ m
What is the approximate size of a molecule10⁻¹⁰ m to 10⁻ ⁶m
What is the mass of a proton?1.67 x 10⁻²⁷ kg
What are nucleonsProtons and neutrons in a nucleus are collectively called nucleons
What is the nucleon numberTotal number of nucleons in a nucleus
Unit used to measure masses at this level isUnified atomic mass unit (u)
1u is defined as beingone twelfth of the mass of a carbon-12 atom.
What are Isotopesnuclei of the same element with different numbers of neutrons but same number of protons
What is an ionIf an atom gains or loses an electron , it is no longer electrically neutral and is called an ion
What determines the chemical properties of the atomnumber of protons
Who is credited with the discovery of radioactivityFrench physicist Henri Becquerel in 1896
What are the 3 types of radiation commonly emitted by radioactive substancesalpha ⍺ beta β gamma ?
What are some properties of ⍺-radiation1. Slow moving large particles 2. Interact with atoms in the medium through which they are travelling, causing ionisation within the medium 3. Lose energy rapidly, not very penetrative and have very short range
When does β-decay occurwhen there is an imbalance of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, usually too many neutrons
What is a general term for antiparticlesantimatter
What conclusion could be drawn from the observation that all the ⍺-particles tracks were the same lengthIt suggests that they all have the same initial kinetic energy
What is 1 electronvoltEnergy transferred when an electron through a potential difference of one volt
1 electronvolt is how many Joules1.60 x 10⁻¹⁹ J
Particle given off when a positron is emitted is called ...electron neutrino
New particles were found in 2 ways1. Looking at cosmic rays, which are particles that arrive at the earth from outer space 2. Looking at the particles produced by high-energy collisions in particle accelerators
Sub-atomic particles are divided into 2 families,Leptons - such as electrons and neutrinos - particles that are unaffected by the strong nuclear force Hadrons - Such as protons and neutrons - All particles that are unaffected by the strong nuclear force
What are the 2 ways in which quarks can combine to produce hadrons1. three quarks make up a class of hadrons called baryons 2. A quark and an antiquark make up a class of hadron called mesons
What are Antimattermaterials made up of antiparticles of the corresponding particles of ordinary matter. All particles have an antiparticles, which has the same mass as the particles but the opposite charge
What are Quarksparticles that make up hadrons
What are the 6 flavours of quarkup, down, strange, charm, top and bottom
Quarks have charges of ..... or...+⅔ e or -⅓ e
What is strong nuclear forceThe force that acts between quarks and hold the nucleus together
What are Leptons (such as electrons )are particles that are unaffected by the strong nuclear force
What are Hadrons (such as the neutrons )Are particles that consist of quarks and hence are affected by the strong nuclear force.
What are weak nuclear forceinteraction that causes β-decay, in which a hadron changes to a different hadron with emission of a lepton and an antilepton