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level: Drugs - 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Drugs - 1

Question	Answer
• was formerly called diphenylhydantoin • the oldest nonsedative antiseizure drug • Causes Rashes if given PARENTERALLY	PHENYTOIN • Dilantin®
• a more soluble prodrug of phenytoin • administered parenterally • rapidly converted to phenytoin in the plasma	Fosphenytoin
The therapeutic plasma level of phenytoin for most patients is between __	10 and 20 mcg/mL.
Phenytoin is 90% bound to plasma proteins - 1 What are the drugs that displace it from protein binding leading to toxicity?	. 1 Phenylbutazone 2 sulfonamides
Phenytoin has affinity on __, the most reliable screening of thyroid function For patients taking phenytoin, measurement of __ is done	1 thyroid-binding globulin 2 Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
1 Dancing Eyeball 2 TYPES OF THIS	1 Nystagmus 2 Horizontal, Vertical, Tortional
Congeners of Phenytoin	• Phenacemide (withdrawn) • Ethotoin • Mephenytoin
active metabolite of mephenytoin	Nirvanol
• closely related to imipramine and other antidepressants • a tricyclic compound effective in the treatment of bipolar depression • was INITIALLY marketed for the treatment of TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA • DOC for both PARTIAL SEIZURES AND GENERALIZED TONIC-CLONIC SEIZURES • TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA • MANIA (BIPOLAR DISORDER)	CARBAMAZEPINE • Tegretol®
Therapeutic Levels & Dosage CARBAMAZEPINE	• Dosage: 15-25 Mg/Kg/D • in adults, 1 or 2 g are tolerated
CARBAMAZEPINE 1 PHARMACOKINETICS 2 DRUG INTERACTION	. 1 undergoes autoinduction 2 Enzyme induction
• closely related to carbamazepine and is useful in the same seizure types • LESS POTENT but appears to induce hepatic enzymes to a LESSER EXTENT	OXCARBAZEPINE • Trileptal®
• The active metabolite of oxcarbazepine • CA: partial-onset seizures • MOA: blocks voltage-gated sodium channel	ESLICARBAZEPINE