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level: GMO

Questions and Answers List

level questions: GMO

QuestionAnswer
What is GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms)?Is an organism that has had its DNA altered or modified in some way through genetic engineering.
Is an organisms that has had its DNA altered or modified in some way through genetic engineering commonly used in foods and medicinesGMO (Genetically Modified Organsims)
GMO which was commonly used in foods and medicines has led to concern about:the dangers they might cause to the environment and human health
A gene is moved from one non-closely related species to anotherTransgenic
A gene is moved within the same species or a closely related speciesCisgenic/intragenic
How is GMO done?By eliminating, or modifying or adding copies of specific genes often from other organisms through modern molecular biology techniques.
Other names of GMORecombinant DNA [rDNA] Genetic engineering Gene splicing
DNA molecules formed by laboratory methods of genetic recombination (such as molecular cloning) to bring together genetic material from multiple sources, creating sequences that would not otherwise be found in the genome.Recombinant DNA [rDNA]
What is recombinant DNA [rDNA]Are DNA molecules formed by laboratory methods of genetic recombination (such as molecular cloning) to bring together genetic material from multiple sources, creating sequences that would not otherwise be found in the genome
Is the process of using recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology to alter the genetic makeup of an organismGenetic Engineering
Is the process of chemically cutting DNA in order to add bases to the DNA strandGene splicing
The two most common types of GMOs are:Foods- canola, soya bean, golden rice, corn and aspartame Medicines- insulin, hormones and vitamins
Food GMO's: crops are modified so: Some GMO's are modified to:when farmer kill weeds with herbicides, the crops can withstand the exposure to the herbicide - killing the weeds and not the crop to increase their nutrient content
Medicine GMO's: Genetically modified medicines can be produced: are some examples of Medicine GMO's: being the oldest among the Medicine GMO's:cheaper and easier Insulin, thyroid hormones and hepatitis B vaccine Insulin being the oldest
Other types of GMO's:Plants and Crops Microbes Mammals Insects Aquatic Life
GMO's history: first creation of GMO in the year:1973
GMO's history: In 1973, in the first creation of GMO, it was then introduced to:farmers after years of testing and research
GMO's history: GMO food was then available in stores in:1990
The first to synthesize insulin: Created a human growth hormone that were used to dwarf childrenGenentech
Genentech, was the first to synthesize insulin in what year?1978
Was the first consumer product developed through bioengineering:Genentech's Humulin
Introduced a bovine growth hormone used in cows to increase milk production The first to modify a plant cell in 1983:Monsanto
Monsanto introduced a bovine growth hormone used in cows to increase milk production in:1982
Monsanto in 1982, introduced what that was used in cows to increase milk production:bovine growth hormone
Monsanto in 1982, introduced bovine growth hormone used in:cows to increase mild production
Monsanto was the first to modify what in 1983:a plant cell
Monsanto was the first to modify a plant cell in what year:1983
What was the first FDA approved GMO:a tomato
A tomato was the first FDA approved GMO in:1992
The tomato that was the first FDA approved GMO in 1992 is called:Calgene's Flavr Savr
Calgene's flavr Savr (tomato) was genetically engineered to:remain firmed for a longer period of time
Calgene's Flavr Savr is licensed in what year:1994
How many percent planted at US soil are GMO's:93%
Are planted 93% at US soil are GMO's used in products such as animal feed, prepackaged mealssoybeans
How many percent are corn planted at US soil are GMO's83%
Corn are used as:sugar substitutes such as high fructose corn syrup
Soybeans are used in products such as:animal feed, prepackaged meals
86% planted at US soil are GMO's, Used as sugar substitutes such as high fructose corn syrupCorn
Examples of Potential Benefits and Risk of GMO: Advantage: it contains Vitamin A so that children in developing countries will not be blind Disadvantage: Poor countries becomes dependent on rich countries which have the techniques for engineering.Golden Rice
Examples of Potential Benefits and Risk of GMO: Golden Rice Advantage:it contains Vitamin A so that children in developing countries will not be blind.
Examples of Potential Benefits and Risk of GMO: Golden Rice: Disadvantage:Poor countries becomes dependent on rich countries which have the techniques for engineering
Examples of Potential Benefits and Risk of GMO: Advantage: No longer use of insecticides The farmers don't need to deal with toxic Disadvantage: Insects can become resistant to the poison Endangered butterflies are in bigger threat.Sweet Corn
Examples of Potential Benefits and Risk of GMO: Sweet Corn: AdvantageNo longer use of insecticides The farmers don't need to deal with toxic
Examples of Potential Benefits and Risk of GMO: Sweet Corn: Disadvantage:Insects can become resistant to the poison Endangered butterflies are in bigger threat
Examples of Potential Benefits and Risk of GMO: Advantage: Remain fresh longer Can tolerate a longer transport time Disadvantage: Resistant to antibioticsLong Lasting Tomatoes
What are peoples concern?Is this food safe? Should be food labeled? Are there adverse environmental effects? Patenting of seeds Discrimination against the poor Who benefits?
Environmental Hazards from Pesticides:Substantial Health Impacts on Workers Pollution of natural ecosystems/waterways Loss of insect biodiversity in agroecosystems Creation of secondary pests Creation of insect races resistant to pesticides
GMO's AdvantagesReduce use of pesticides and other toxic chemicals Desired characteristic of food are achieved in a shorter period of time Improves nutritional value Many people rely on GM for food for medicines Gene technology is the best solution to the problem of world hunger
GMO's Disadvantages:Unacceptable to some groups to copy genes Interfere in food chain Genetically engineered animals may suffer more health problems Allergic reactions Genetic pollution