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level: Level 1 of Acids and Bases

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of Acids and Bases

QuestionAnswer
What is the pH scale?indication of hydrogen ion concentration, runs from below 0 t above 14
concentration of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in a neutral solutionequal concentrations
Why is water neutral?it dissociates according to the equation H20 ⇌ H + OH producing equal concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions, at any time only a few water molecules are dissociated into free ions
What does ⇌ mean?indicates that a reaction is reversible and occurs in both directions
acidic solutions and ion concentrationshigher concentration of hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions
alkaline solutions and ion concentrationshigher concentration of hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions
What happens if you dilute an acidic solution with water?the concentration of hydrogen ions will decrease and the pH will increase towards 7
soluble non-metal oxides dissolve in water to form...?acidic solutions
soluble metal oxides dissolve in water to form...?alkaline solutions
What does a metal oxide and water makea metal hydroxide
types of basesmetal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates and ammonia
What happens if you dissolve a base in water?forms an alkaline solution
What is a neutralisation reaction?a reaction in which a base reacts with an acid to form water, a salt is also formed in this reaction
metal oxide+an acid=water and a salt
metal hydroxide+an acid=water and a salt
metal carbonate+an acid=water and a salt and carbon dioxide
What kind of salt does hydrochloric acid produce?chlorides
What kind of salt does sulfuric acid produce?sulfates
What kind of salt does nitric acid produce?nitrates
What are spectator ions?ions that remain unchanged by the reaction
Insoluble metal carbonates and insoluble metal oxides can be used to produce what?soluble salts
How is a salt made?excess base is added to the appropriate acid, the mixture is filtered and the filtrate evaporated to dryness