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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

QuestionAnswer
What is the 'atmosphere' (noun)?A layer of gases that surrounds the earth.
What is the 'hydrosphere' (noun)?All the waters on the earth's surface, such as lakes and seas, and sometimes including water over the earth's surface, such as clouds.
What is the 'geosphere' (noun)?All the rocks, minerals, and landforms on (and under) the earth's surface.
What is the 'biosphere' (noun)?All of the parts (ecosystems) where life exists on Earth.
What are 'minerals' (noun)?Solid substances that occur naturally and form through geological processes.
What are 'fossils' (noun)?The preserved remains or impressions of a living organism such as a plant, animal, or insect.
What are 'plate tectonics' (noun)?A scientific theory that explains how major landforms are created as a result of movement underneath the earth's surface.
What is the 'carbon cycle' (noun)?Nature's way of reusing carbon atoms, which travel from the atmosphere into organisms in the Earth and then back into the atmosphere over and over again.
What is 'molten rock' (noun)?Liquid rock at extremely high temperatures under the surface of the earth.
What is 'magma' (noun)?Liquid rock at extremely high temperatures above the surface of the earth; also known as lava.
What is 'igneous rock' (noun)?Rock that is formed when a volcano erupts; when hot, molten rock solidifies.
What is 'erosion' (noun)?The wearing away of the land by forces such as water, wind, and ice.
What is 'sedimentary rock' (noun)?Rocks that are formed by years and years of sediment compacting together and becoming hard.
What is 'metamorphic rock' (noun)?Rocks formed by great heat and pressure; generally found inside the Earth's crust where there is enough heat and pressure to form the rocks.
What is 'weathering' (noun)?The breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on the earth's surface.
What is 'sediment' (noun)?Rocks, minerals, and plant/animal remains that are broken down through weathering and erosion, and deposited in a new location.
What is 'evaporation' (noun)?The main process by which water goes from the ground to vapour in the atmosphere.
What is 'condensation' (noun)?The process of water vapour becoming liquid water.
What is 'transpiration' (noun)?When plants release water on to their leaves that then evaporates into vapour.
What is 'precipitation' (noun)?When water falls from the atmosphere back to land.
What is 'groundwater' (noun)?The water found underground in the cracks and spaces in soil, sand, and rock.
What is 'surface runoff' (noun)?The flow of water, from rain, melted snow, or other sources, over the earth's surface.
What is 'sublimation' (noun)?The process of snow and ice changing into water vapour (gas) in the air without first melting into water.
What is 'plant respiration' (noun)?The process of a plant taking in oxygen and releasing it as carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
What are 'emissions' (noun)?Substances discharged (sent out) into the atmosphere; like smoke from a factory or carbon dioxide from decomposing animals.