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level: Iodine

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Iodine

QuestionAnswer
Iodine topical usage is used as an ____________ against microorganismsanti-infective
RDA of Iodine for males and females150 mcg/d
RDA for pregnancy and lactation220 mcg/d 290 mcg/d +70
Seaweed colors: Nori is ________ Kelp/Kombu is ________ Wakame is ________red brown green
Which kelp has the most iodine? Because of this __________ should limit this to ____ serving(s) a weekKelp/Kombu Pregnant women + children should limit this to 1 serving a week
When being transported through the digestive tract, Iodine is found bound to _______protein or free
Iodine is mostly absorbed in the ________ but can also be absorbed through ___________ or ________. The absorption rate is _____%stomach small intestine topically >90%
Where is iodine mostly found?Thyroid
Iodine can permeate ________all tissue
_______Iodine is found in the bloodfree
The Thyroid gland influences ________ and _________metabolism protein synthesis
What two hormones are released by the thyroid?T3 triiodothyronine T4 Thyroxine
The Hypothalmus releases _______ which goes to the _________ and releases __________ (aka throtropin) which then goes to the ________ to release T3 and 4TRH (thyrotropine releasing hormone) pituitary gland TSH (Thyroid stimulating Hormone) Thyroid
What are examples of brassica/cruciferous vegetables? (2)Broccoli Cabbage
Levels of ________ signal the ________ to begin the cycle to stimulate the thyroidT3 and T4 Hypothalmus
T3 and T4 move through the blood bound to what proteins (3)Thyroxine binding globulin albumin transthyretin (pre-albumin)
T3 and T4 functions (metabolic functions—5)Protein synthesis/tissue growth Energy usage Lipolysis (increase) glycolysis/glycogenesis DNA transcription
T3 and T4 functions in the body (4)Muscle contraction GI tract absorption Body temp regulation Brain Maturation (crucial for fetus!)
Thyroglobulin originates in ________ and reflect it's healththyroid gland
Iodine is taken up into the thyroid gland by _________vitamin A
______ and _______ are needed for the production of thyroid hormones (________ and _________)Fe Se Thyroid peroxidase 5'deiodinase
____________ is made by Se and helps convert T4 -> T35'deiodinase
What are selenium food sources (2)Meat Brazil Nuts
What is the Selenium RDA?55 mcg/d
What three things to goitrogens do?1) decrease iodide uptake by the thyroid gland 2) decrease production of thyroid hormone 3) decrease release hormone from thyroid cells
what are the three types of goitrogens?Glucosinolates Goitrin Lithium
What is an example of a goitrin food source?Cassava
What is and food source of glucosinolatesbrassica/cruciferous vegetables
Who is at risk for an iodine deficiency? (4)Vegans Low salt diet low lactose intake pregnancy/lactation
Iodine is important for fetal development because (2)Growth/development Cognitive function
Iodine deficiency disorders (3)hypothyroidism goiter cretinism
What are the 4 symptoms of cretinism?Thick tongue poor feeding habits hypotonia short stature
Symptoms of hypothyroidism (physical—4)Swollen thyroid hoarse voice/puffy face wt. gain irregular menses
symptoms of thyroidism (not physical—3)decreased cognitive function fatigue/slow movement depression
Is ashwaganda an effective treatment for hypothyroidism?NO
Hypothyroidism nutrition tips: eat 2 ______ a day avoid ________ take __________snacks fasting multivitamin
People with hypothyroidism will want to make sure they are getting adequate intake of: (4)iodine selenium iron calories/CHO (positive relationship with T3)
Iodine upper limit1100mcg/d
supplements should be less than ________500 mcg
Iodine toxicity acute symptoms (2)burning mouth-> stomach NVD (nausea/vomiting/diarrhea)
Iodine toxicity chronic (1)increase risk of thyroid disorders such as goiter or hyper/hypo thyroidism
iodine helps activate glial cells which are _________glue of neurons