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level: Level 1 of Computer Software

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of Computer Software

QuestionAnswer
Basic types of software:System software Utility programs Applications software
It controls input, output, and storage It controls the operations of the application softwareSystem software "boot up" (starts up and initializes) the computer system
Categories of software: consists of programs designed to support and optimize the functioning of the computer system itselfUtility software
Categories of software: Includes the various programs which users require to perform day-to-day tasksApplication software
Categories of software: Some users claim a third types of software called? There are programs that are used: -to help maintain the system -Clean up unwanted programs -Protect the system against virus attacks -Access the World Wide Web (WWW)Utility programs
System software: The first level of system control is handled by the ???stored on a ROM chip on the motherboard Is the first part of the computer to function when the system is turned on It first searches for an Operating System (OS) and loads it into the RAM Consists of a set of instructions permanently burned onto a computer chip, it is a combination of hardware and software.BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)
BIOS first searches? and?first searches for an Operating System (OS) and loads it into the RAM
The BIOS consists of a?set of instructions permanently burned onto a computer chip, it is a combination of hardware and software
Programs on chips are often called? Because they straddle the line between hardware and software They also cannot be upgraded without changing the hardware chipfirmware
Firmware also cannot be upgraded without?changing the hardware chip
Programs on chips are called firmware because? For this reason, many computer engineers make distinction between firmware and software From this perspective, the OS is actually the first level of system softwarethey straddle the line between hardware and software
Is actually the first level of system software Is the overall controller of the work of the computer Is software loaded from the hard drive into RAM as soon as the computer is turned on can be upgraded or entirely changed through software -manages the interfaces to all peripheral hardware -schedule tasks -allocates storage in memory and on disks -retrieves programs and data from storage -provides an interface between the machine and the userAn operating system
The OS software is loaded from and into, as?the hard drive into RAM as soon as the computer is turned on
The OS can be upgraded or entirely changed through?software
True or False: The user can simply delete one system of firmware files from the hard drive and install a new firmware.False, firmware cannot be upgraded without changing the hardware chip; and It is OS: The user can simply delete one system of OS files from the hard drive and install a new OS
The OS can be purchased:separately and installed by the user
OSs handle the connection between the:CPU and peripherals
The connection between the CPU and a peripheral or a user is called an?interface
Operating Systems: Most critical tasks performed is the?management of storage
In the early computers, there were no?operating systems The lack of an OS made programming enormously time-consuming and tedious
The lack of OS in the early computers made programming:enormously time-consuming and tedious In comparison, programming today (in the future)-- while still difficult and time-consuming task --- is much more efficient
Includes programs designed to keep the computer system operating efficiently are sort of between system software and applications softwareUtility programs
Utility programs do keep the computer system operating efficiently by:-adding power to the functioning of the system software -Supporting the operating system or applications software programs
Utility programs are sort of between:system software and application softwawre
many writers identify utility software as part of the:system software category
The system software category include at least:-Security software -Disk Management Utilities -Backup utilities -Screen Savers -Archival Software -Programming environment support programs
Includes primarily antivirus, firewall, and encryption programsSecurity software
Security software includes:antivirus, firewall, and encryption programs
Utility software: Security software: Serve primarily to guard against malicious programs inadvertently accessedAntivirus utilities
Utility software: Security software: Are a type of security program that makes it much harder for unauthorized persons or systems to enter the computer and hijack or damage programs or data on the computerFirewalls
Utility software: Security software: Encodes the data so that it cannot be read until it is decodedThe encryption software
Utility software: Security software: Indicate that the site encrypts data sent through that siteThe HTTPS letters on a Web page address
Utility software: Designed to help the user keep hard disk space clean and efficient -Accomplished by analyzing the use of disk space, defragmenting the drive, and deleting duplicate files if the user so commandDisk management utilities
utility software: Disk management utilities is accomplished by:analyzing the use of disk space, defragmenting the drive, and deleting duplicate files if the user so command
Utility software: Disk management utilities: Many programs and Internet sites temporarily store information on the hard drive as part of their operations, but when those operations are finished, they don'tclean the temporary files.
Other disk management utilities include:diagnostic programs designed to find problems with programs or the operating system so that they can be fixed
Utility software: Serve to help the users back up their data Illegal (or pirate) programs are a different issueBackup utilities
Utility software: It is very important for users to back up any data they have saved so that:they don't (want to) lose permanently
Utility software: Computer programs that either blank the monitor screen or fill it with constantly moving images when the user is away from the computer -are often entertaining or beautiful to look at -Do provide a small measure of privacy as they hide whatever the user is working on when the user steps away from the compterScreen savers
Utility software: Screen savers do provide:a small measure of privacy as they hide whatever the user is working on when the user steps away from the computer
Utility software: Compresses information in files to be archived, and then stores them in a compressed form in come long term storage deviceArchival software
Utility software: Terms used to describe the data compression performed by archival software include:packing, zipping, compressing, and archiving as well as unpacking, unzipping, de-archiving, and extraction
Utility software: Can sharply reduce the size of a large file such that it can be made small enough to email to another person or locationCompression
Utility software: Used by program developers to support their programming work or to run their programsprogramming environment support programs
Utility software: The programs that translate a program written in a high-level language to the machine language are called:compilers or interpreters
Utility software: The programs that translate a program written in a machine language to the high-level language are called:decompiler program or "Developer uses decompiler program to do the opposite
Utility software: Programming environment support programs: Syntax in this usage refers to a:set of very specific rules about words, punctuation, word usage, and word order in a particular computer language
Utility software: Programming environment support programs: Problems with either logic or the syntax will cause:the program to fail, or perform incorrectly
Utility software: Programming environment support programs: These kinds of problems with either logic or the syntax are called:"bugs"
Utility software: Programming environment support programs: Correcting these kinds of problems with either logic or the syntax are called:"debugging" a program
Utility software: Programming environment support programs: utility programs designed to help a programmer debug a program are called:debugging programs
Utility software: Programming environment support programs: The most commonly used utility programs for programmers include:programming aids and the various types of compilers and debuggers
Utility software: Application software: Hospitals usually have a large information called a:Hospital Information System (HIS) or Hospital Information Technology System (HITS)
Utility software: Application software: Hospital Information System (HIS) or Hospital Information Technology System (HITS), these systems include most of the business applications needed, such as:Billing Payroll Budget management Inventory control Personnel applications
Utility software: Application software: HIS or HITS also include:Clinical and semi-clinical systems the electronic medical record (EMR)
A means of communicating with the computerProgramming languages
The only language a CPU understand is:binary or machine language
binary or machine language consists only of:the binary numbers 1 and 0
the binary numbers 1 and 0 in binary or machine language represents or are representing:ON and OFF "switch" controlled by electrical impulses
English like language The programmer must:Third-generation Language ...must: -Learn the words the language recognizes -Use those words in a rigid style and sequence