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level: Key Terms

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Key Terms

QuestionAnswer
cell communication to locate a suitable mate, adapt metabolism rates, or make numbers known to other membersquorum sensing
the movement of an organism in response to a stimulus and can be positive or negativetaxis
movement in response to chemicalschmotaxis
cell junctions or signaling moleculesligands
bind to ligands and trigger a response by changing shape of the receptor proteinreceptors
the process by which an external signal is transmitted to the inside of a cellsignal transduction
open or close an ion channel upon binding a particular ligandligand-gated ion channels
an enzymatic active site on the cytoplasmic side of the membranecatalytic receptors
does not act as an enzyme but will bind a different version on the intracellular side when a ligand is bound extracellularlyG-protein-linked receptor
the set of conditions under which living things can successfully survivehomeostasis
works by turning itself off using the end product of the pathway (ex. insulin and blood sugar)negative feedback
instead of inhibiting the pathway it further stimulates it (ex. childbirth)positive feedback
identical strands of DNAsister chromatids
the structure that holds chromatids togethercentromere
protein that highly regulates checkpoints in the cell cyclecyclins/cyclin-dependent kinases
control mechanism that make sure cell division is happening properly in eukaryotic cellscell cycle checkpoints
a programmed cell death if the DNA is damagedapoptosis
mutated genes that induce canceroncogenes
unregulated cell divisioncancer
genes that produce proteins that prevent the conversion of normal cells into cancer genestumor suppressor genes
the lining up of chromosomes during metaphase on the equatorial planemetaphase plate
the process of which the cytoplasm is splitcytokinesis
the area where the cell has begun to split in telophasecleavage furrow
the simile for cleavage furrow in plantscell plate