Buscar
Estás en modo de exploración. debe iniciar sesión para usar MEMORY

   Inicia sesión para empezar

level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

QuestionAnswer
how many hemispheres make up the cerebral cortex?2 hemispheres
what does bilateral mean?means hearing and seeing most things in the body are bilateral
what are the connections between hemispheres?corpus callosum and commissures
what are the contralateral connections in the brain?left hemisphere controls right side of the body right hemisphere controls left side of the body
what are the auditory connections in the brain?1. ear 2. cochlea nucleus 3. primary auditory cortex
left visual field?leads to neural activations in both eyes - this then goes to the right hemisphere
right visual field?leads to activation of the left hemisphere - visual is on the left side of both eyes
how can we see through both eyes?different neurons are activated in the retina depending on the incoming angle (from object to eye) optic chiasm
what is lateralisation in the brain?certain processes are more highly developed on one side of brain than other left hemisphere: language right hemisphere: emotional content, face recognition, spatial ability
Right-hemisphere hypothesis:the right hemisphere is dominant for emotion recognition
Valence hypothesis:the right hemisphere is dominant for negative emotions, the left is for positive emotions
Attention:spatial ability --> right hemisphere dominance --> where i am and the physical environment
when attention goes wrong:damages to the right hemisphere right parietal cortex: neglect of the body on the left side right temporal cortex: neglect if surroundings on the left side
split brain patientsthe corpus callosum is cut almost no communication between hemispheres info presented in 1 hemisphere is not interpreted by the other
language --> speechspeech: most efficient type of language long distances without seeing to get quick attention
source-filter model of speech productionsource: vocal cords of larynx transforms aerodynamic energy to sound waves filter: subpharyngeal cavity filters sounds (important for vowel productions)
why do humans only speak?limitations in relevant speech production in other animals Larynx position: lower position in humans --> more flexible vocal and motor control: advanced, voluntary breathing control: advanced vocal flow
what are some speech/language components?semantics = significance (meaning) syntax = rules and principles (grammar) prosody = rhythm, stress, intonation (melody)
Broca's area:left frontal cortex language production - speaking writing, gesturing, sign lang comprehending = grammar
Wernicke's arealeft temporal cortex language comprehension = overall comprehension, finding the right words
why did language evolve?info exchange social aspect of language
traditional view of language:info exchange informing about environment e.g. in macaques - diff alarm calls
recent view of language:social aspect of language exchange social info e.g. behaviours promote social cohesion in chimps