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level: UNIX_8

Questions and Answers List

level questions: UNIX_8

QuestionAnswer
command that displays kernel buffer ringdmesg | less
command that displays kernel buffer ringdmesg | less
command that displays kernel buffer ringdmesg | less
command that displays kernel buffer ringdmesg | less
What are deamons?They are utility programs that run silently in the background to monitor and take care of certain subsystems to ensure that the operating system runs properly.
Which suffix denotes deamon?d example: ssshd
What are controlling scrpits?UNIX systems use scripts to control “daemons” which provide “services” (for example your sound output) to run a UNIX system.
What is runlevel?A runlevel can be thought of as the state your system enters like if a system is in a single-user mode it will have a runlevel 1 while if the system is in a multi-user mode it will have a runlevel 5.
command used for changing current runlevelperformed by root init 0 -system shutdown init 6 -system reboot
What is System V?One of the first UNIX version introduced by AT&T
command for opening ttysgetty or agetty
What about runlevels on BSD systems?The idea of runlevels is discarded on BSD
What is Systemd?It is windows inspired replacement for desktop-oriented linux systems
How are deamons called under Systemd?services
What is Systemd target?Systemd targets are different states that your system can boot into, comparable to System V runlevels
Command used to control and manage systemd utitilitessystemctl
Can most UNIX deamons be started as systemd services?Yes, they can Moreover standard deamons can be installed and double services
What is Cron?Cron is UNIX deamon for executing commands periodcially on certain times and dates
What is crontab file?It contains instruction for a cron deamon Once a minuite cron checks crontab files and executes all commands that are scheduled
Are users able to define their own crontabs?Yes
What is syslog deamon?It is deamon to which kernel and other deamons send messsages containing date, time etc Syslog messages are redirected to terminal or to remote syslog instance
command used to interact with sysloglogger
What is the difference between Syslog and syslog-ng?Syslog is a protocol syslog-ng is an implementation
What are logs?Linux logs provide a timeline of events for the Linux operating system, applications and system and are a valuable troubleshooting tool when you encounter issues. When issues arise, analyzing log files is the first thing an administrator needs to do.
What is logrotate?useful tool for log managements which is initaied once a day by a cron
command that displays kernel buffer ringdmesg | less