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level: Level 1 of The heart

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of The heart

QuestionAnswer
Capillaries do what …Exchange of gases /nutrients
Arteries …Transports high pressure blood away from the heart
Veins carryOxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart low pressure blood to the heart
AortaTransports oxygenated blood from the heart to the body
Vena CavaTwo veins carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs to the heart
Pulmonary arteryTransports deoxygenated blood to the lungs from the heart
Pulmonary veinsTransports oxygenated blood from the lungs
Coronary arterySupplies blood to the heart cells
Coronary veinsRemove deoxygenated blood from the cardiac muscle
Where is they highest blood pressure ?In the left ventricle as they is a thicker wall so a stronger contraction
Heart deficit in babesMixed blood
The chordinae tendinae do …Prevent valves turning inside out
Systole =Contracting
DisystoleRelax
Pressure in the heartPressure in the veins is greater than than in the atrium so the atria fills with blood . Atria contract decreasing volume, increasing pressure . Pressure greater than in the ventricles so av valves open . Blood moves in as they is a pressure gradient . Pressure in the ventricles increases as they fill in with blood .
cardiac output eqSV X HR= CO sv= stroke volume
General circulation systemRenal =kidney hepatic - liver
Structrure of the artery and Vein- Outer coat -Muscle and elastic tissue -Lumen (smaller in artery) -endothelium
Importance of elastic tissue to the arteriesMaintain a high bp when ventricle relaxes
Arteries branch into small vessels calledarterioles
Function of arteriolesVasodilation - relaxes to cause widening of arteriole increasing blood supply Vasoconstriction - contracts to cause narrowing of arteriole reducing bloody supply to capillaries
Capillaries adaptionsone cell thick - short diffusion pathway
What is an Atheromabuild up of fat and cholestral in the wall of the arteries which lead to CHD RESTRICT BLOOD FLOW TO <3
What is thrombosis?Formation of blood clots , block blood vessels in CVD
Aneurysma balloon swelling in the arteries that may burst leading to excessive blood loss (haemorrhage)
What is tissue fluid?Higher hydrostatic pressure at the arterial end of the capillary, forces water out of the capillary, Protein/ plasma stay in the capillary so water potential falls. Hydrostatic pressure falls die to friction water moves back into the blood via osmosis in venous end and lymph system collects excess t fluid