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level: Level 1 of Unit 3

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of Unit 3

QuestionAnswer
What are 3 properties of metals?Malleable, conductors, high melting and boiling point
What forms when a metal and oxygen react?metal oxide
What happens when metal and water react?metal hydroxide and hydrogen
Are metal oxides acid or alkaline?Alkaline
What happens when a metal and acid react?Salt and hydrogen
Which metals are extracted using electrolysis?K, Na, Li, Ca, Mg, Al
Which metals are extracted by heating with carbon?Zn, Fe, Sn, Pb
Which metals are extracted by heating?Cu, Hg, Ag, Au
Which metals react with water to produce a metal oxide and hydrogen?K, Na, Li, Ca, Mg, Al
Which metals react with an acid to produce a salt and hydrogen?Zn, Fe, Sn, Pb
Which metals react with oxygen to produce a metal oxide?Cu, Hg, Ag, Au
Can metals in the reactivity series from copper and below react with acid?No
How are the least reactive metals extracted?Heating alone
How are the most reactive metals extracted?Electrolysis
OILOxidation Is Loss of electrons
RIGReduction Is Gain of electrons
What are oxidation and reduction?Two halves of the same chemical reaction called redox reaction
How is a simple (electrochemical) cell made?By placing two metals in an electrolyte
What is a electrolyte?A conducting solution containing ions
What happens when metals are further apart in the electrochemical cell?The greater the voltage produced
How are metals arranged in the reactivity series?By their different voltages
What is in an electrochemical cell?Salt/ion bridge
Whatv is the purpose of an salt/ion bridge?To complete the circuit
Why is graphite rods an alternative to metals?Cheaper and also conducts electricity
What are plastics?Synthetic materials made of long chain molecules called polymers
What is polmerisation?Monomers joining together to form polymers
What is an monomer?Alkene or alkane
What is a repeating unit?A sequence of atoms that repeat in the polymer chain
What is a co-polymer?Has more than 1 monomer
What are the main compounds in fertilisers/essential nutrient elements?N P K
What must fertilers be to absorb into plant roots?Soluble
How is ammonium gas prepared?By heating ammonium salts with an alkali
What are 2 properties of ammonium?Colourless gas, very soluble
What is the Haber process?When nitrogen is reacted with hydrogen to make ammonia
How is the Haber process sped up?Using an iron catalyst
What is the Ostwald process?Uses ammonia, oxygen and water to produce nitric acid
How is the Ostwald process sped up?Using a platinum catalyst
What is metallic bonding?The attraction between delocalised electrons and positively charged ions
What are ALPHA particles?Helium nuclei which consist of two protons and two neutrons
What happens when an atom loses an alpha particle?It's atomic number decreases by 2 and its mass number by 4
What is BETA radiation?The high energy electrons are ejected from the nucleus
What happens when an atom loses its beta particle?It's atomic number increases by 1 and its mass number does not change
What happens in gamma decay?An electromagnetic wave is emitted
What happens when a gamma particle is emitted?There is no change to the atomic or mass number
How can alpha particles be stopped?A sheet of paper
How can beta particles be stopped?3mm of aluminium
How can gamma radiation be stopped?3cm of lead
What happens when a nucleus is without electrons?It is positive
What is the half life of a radioisotope?The time it takes for its activity or mass to halve
What is the use of radioisotopes in medicine?Cobalt-60 used in radiotherapy
What is the use of radioisotpes in industry?Phosphorus-32 used for fertilisers
What is the use of radioisotopes to date materials?Carbon-4 used to determine the age of substances
What are flame tests used for?To identify which metals are present in a sample
What is chromatography used for?To separate mixtures of soluble compounds such as ink and dyes
How can you tell how soluble a compund is using chromotagraphy paper?The higher the ink rises up the more soluble it is
What is titration used for?Accurately calculating an unknown concentration
Why is indicator used in titration?To show when the end point is near
What are concoradant volumes?Titre volumes within 2cm cubed
What are salts?Compounds where the hydrogen ion (H+) from the acid has been replaced by a positive ion (Ametal ion or ammonia)