Buscar
Estás en modo de exploración. debe iniciar sesión para usar MEMORY

   Inicia sesión para empezar

level: Level 1 of Digestion and absorption

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of Digestion and absorption

QuestionAnswer
Describe the digestion of starchStarch enters the mouth and is hydrolysed into maltose by salivary amylase. In the duodenum it is again hydroylsed into maltose by pancreactic amylase which is breaking the glycosidic bonds . then in the ileum the maltose is hydrolysed by membrane bound maltase into alpha glucose
Describe the digestion of proteinsIn the stomach the endopeptidase breaks the internal peptide bonds of the protein forming smaller polypeptide chains. In the duodenum the smaller polypeptide chains are hydrolysed by exo and endo peptidase to release amino acids and di peptides. therfore in the ileum membrane bound dipetidase hydrolysed the peptide bond of the dipeptide to form amino acids.
Digestion of lipidsthe liver makes bile salts that is stored in the gallbladder . in the duodenum the bile salts emulsify these fats into smaller fats. pancreatic lipase hydrolyses ester bonds in lipids to form glycerol and fatty acids. In the ileum the membrane bound lipase hydrolyse the lipids further into 3 fatty acids and one glycerol and micelles
Absorption of glucoseThe SODIUM POTASSIUM PUMP allows for sodium ions to be actively transported out of the cell , atp is required as it is against the concentration gradient . this lowers the sodium ion concentration inside the epithelial cell creating a conc gradient. 2. The glucose and sodium ions from the lumen bind to NA+/GLIUCOSE CO TRANSPORT PROTEINas they are facilitated diffused into the cell from (high-low ) 3. GLUCOSE CHANNEL PROTEIN allows glucose to be absorbed from the ep cell into the blood by facilitated diffusion
What do the proteins names change to when its proteins absorption1. Na+/K pump 2. Na+/amino acid co transport protein 3. Amino acid channel protein
Absorption of fats1. Micelles form - complex of bile salts , glycerol and fatty acids . Micelles bring glycerol and fatty acids to the cell membrane . glycerol and fatty acids diffused into cell across bilayer 2. ser synthesises to form lipids 2.5 golgi processes triglycerrides with a protein to form chylomicrons in a vesicle . vesicle realeases them so they can diffuse into lacteals. 3. fluid in lacteals drains into bloods
The structure of the ileumMany long folds called villi . Thick smooth muscle layer , thin muscle layer end epithelium
What is the VilliThe villi are lined with a single layer of epithelial cells. Many small branching blood vessels called capillaries and long lymph vessels called a lacteal
an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructoseSucrase Maltose Lactose Lipid Dipeptide
Absorption of digestive productsMolecules move into the lumen , moves across microvilli of epithelial cells , moved across endothelial cells lining the capillary unit the blood