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level: Test 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Test 1

QuestionAnswer
Indirect lifecycleA life cycle that MUST make USE of an INTERMEDIATE Host
Indirect lifecycleA life cycle that MUST make USE of an INTERMEDIATE Host
Indirect lifecycleA life cycle that MUST make USE of an INTERMEDIATE Host
Indirect lifecycleA life cycle that MUST make USE of an INTERMEDIATE Host
Indirect lifecycleA life cycle that MUST make USE of an INTERMEDIATE Host
Indirect lifecycleA life cycle that MUST make USE of an INTERMEDIATE Host
Indirect lifecycleA life cycle that MUST make USE of an INTERMEDIATE Host
Indirect lifecycleA life cycle that MUST make USE of an INTERMEDIATE Host
3 factors of expense1)Age/health of patient 2)Number of parasites 3)Kind/injury
EctoparasiteExternal parasite
EndoparasiteInternal parasite
Where can endoparasites be?1.Most are in GI, mouth, esophagus, sm/lg intestine.
Stationary parasiteA parasite that attaches somewhere and stays there.
Periodic parasiteA parasite that stays on/off the host during part of its lifecycle
Permanent ParasiteA parasite that stays on host all the time
Obligate ParasiteMust live as a parasite.
FacultativeInvolves 2 generations of parasites
HOSTA general term used to refer to the animal a parasite lives on or in at any given time
Aberrant parasiteAn ectopic parasite
Pseudo parasiteSomething that looks like a parasite but isn't.
Final or definitiveHarbors adult stage-every parasite MUST HAVE DEFINITIVE/FINAL Host.
Transport or ParatenicAn unnecessary, but convenient animal that harbors carval stage of a parasite(unnecessary for completion of it's lifecycle
IntermediateAnimal that harbors a larval stage & is necessary to the parasite in completion of it's lifecycle.
Host specificAll Parasites are in this, but can be divided into: Singular: only one animal will harbor adult stage Plural more than one animal can harbor adult stage
Direct lifecycleParasite does not need the use of an intermediate host-but can use a paratenic. DOES NOT USE INTERMEDIATE
Indirect lifecycleA life cycle that MUST make USE of an INTERMEDIATE Host
Typical lifecycle of a parasite or protozoaEgg/Ova---note: protozoans produce cysts NOT eggs Larva--All parasites have at least one larval stage Adult---The stage that cause an infestation
InfestationEstablishment of a parasite within or upon host Understand that final host "harbors" the adult stage
Routes of infestationHow the parasite enters the host. This is at the point the parasite has reached the "infective stage" Can be either the egg/ova cyst or larva
Prepatent period(PPP)Time it takes for parasite to become reproductivity mature
Egg or OvaThe first growth stage of a parasite
What is the difference between eggs/ova or cysts?1.Size of egg usually larger than that of a cyst. 2.Cysts have a thinner wall, while ova are thicker 3.Cysts tend to be filled with fluid therefore more fragile 4.Ova filled with cyto plasm, nucleus, etc(extra)
LarvaThe growth stage following the egg or ova stage. A microscopic "baby worm" Larval stage
OperculumOperculum and indentation of protrusion on one or both ends oval shaped eggs/ova
Public Health Significance (PHS)Damage a parasite has the potential of doing to the public (only what to do to PEOPLE)
Pathology/ PathogenicityThe damage that a parasite is capable of producing to it's host.
MorphologyStudy of shape
MotilityMovement
CoprophagyIngestion of feces
ReproductionSex organs 1.Hermaphroditic 2.Monecious 3.Dioecious
HermaphroditicContains both sex organs But neither being functional
MoneciousContains both sex organs and both are functional (1 to tango)
DioeciousContaining individual sex organs (ovaries or testes) and ARE functional (2 to tango)
Reproductive categoriesGive birth to: Oviparous Ovoviviparous viviparous
OviparousProduction of ova within the parasite, which pass out of the parasite & into the host, then out of the host as OVA- most common
OvoviviparousProduction of ova within the parasite that pass into the host as ova, then hatch into larvae and pass out of the host as Larvae
Viva parousProduction of an ova within the parasite which hatch into larvae within parasite, pass into the host and the out of host as larvae (larviparous)
ParasitiasisParasite on host and is potentially pathogenic, but animals exhibits no outward signs
Harm by Parasites/Protozoans1. Absorbing food intended for the host 2. Sucking blood or lymph a. ticks 3. Feeding on the tissue of the host 4. Causing mechanical obstruction or pressure 5. Causing growth of nodules or tumors and preparing tissues or vessels 6. Causing wounds thru which infestation can occur 7. Destruction of tissue 8. Irritation 9. Transmitting some infections d2's such as malaria, viruses, blood protozoa,etc 10.Secreting toxins or otherwise harmful substances such as digestive enzymes, etc 11. Death