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level: Peterson and Peterson

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Peterson and Peterson

QuestionAnswer
Strength of the Peterson and Peterson study?Controlled experiment, the participants had practice trials so they understood the instructions, ppts confusion did not interfere with the measure of the DV.
What were they trying to find?The duration of short-term memory to provide empirical evidence for the multi-store model
Sample for the study?24 psychology undergrad students
What did the green and red light from the black box mean?Green - the trail was ready to begin Red - stop counting and recall the trigram
What was the trigram at the beginning of each trial?A trigram followed by a number which the participant had to count backwards from in 3's or 4's
Why did the ppt's have to count backwards from the trigram?To minimise rehearsal between the presentation and recall.
How many times were the participants tested and which intervals?8 times 3,6,8,12,15 and 18 seconds after the red light.
How much could the participant recall with the 3 seconds interference interval?Over 50% of the trigrams accurately
How much did the amount drop from 15 seconds onwards ?Dropped to less than 10% from 15 seconds onwards
What does this study tell us about short term memory?Decays rapidly from short-term memory, accurate recall of the trigrams decreasing rapidly over the duration of 18 seconds.
How do you stop the short-term memory limited duration?Rehearsal
Weakness of the Peterson and Peterson study?Only 24 students, the sample is not representative, they could be better or worse at memory tasks than other ppl.
Weakness of the Peterson and Peterson study?Not a realistic memory task, not applicable to explain duration of the STM in a real life settings.
Strength of the Peterson and Peterson study?Standardised instructions, explain how the 'black box' worked, so the experiment can be replicated consistently
Strength of the Peterson and Peterson study?Controlled experiment, the participants had practice trials so they understood the instructions, ppts confusion did not interfere with the measure of the DV.