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level: Level 1 of chapter 6

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of chapter 6

QuestionAnswer
jaundice, the discoloration of body tissues caused by what?, is visible when the total serum bilirubin exceeds ___ mg/dLabnormally high blood levels of bilirubin 2.5mg/dL
(disorder: liver cancer - pathophysiology) the type of primary liver cancer seen most frequently is hepatocellular carcinoma; the other primary tumors are what?cholangionomas or biliary duct caricinomas
(disorder: liver cancer - pathophysiology) cirrhosis of the liver and infection with what? are high risk factors for primary liver cancerhepatitis B or hepatitis C
(modes of transmission of the 6 types of viral hepatitis) - hep A: spreads through direct contact through the ____-_____ route usually by ____ or _____ contaminated by ____ - hep B: transmitted by contaminated ____ via ____ _______, contaminated _____, ________, __ ___ ___, and direct contact with ___ ____ from _____ _____ - hep C: transmitted though ________, ____ _________, ____ ______ ____ - hep E: transmitted though the ____-_____ route, spreads through _____ contamination of _____- hep A: oral-fecal route usually by food or water contaminated by feces - hep B: contaminated serum via blood transfusion, contaminated needles, needlesticks, IV drug use, and direct contact with body fluids from infected people - hep C: needlesticks, blood transfusions, IV drug use, and unidentified means - hep E: oral-fecal route, fecal contamination of water
(disorder: cholecystitis and cholelithiasis - clinical manifestations) acute, with a sudden onset of indigestion, nausea and vomiting and severe, ______ pain in what? quadrant of the abdomen the pain may be referred to where?colicky pain in the right upper quad the right shoulder and scapula
(disorder: cholecystitis and cholelithiasis - clinical manifestations) pain resulting from this disorder is sometimes mistaken for what? because of the pain that is felt where?a cardiac problem in the epigastric region and radiating to the back
(disorder: cholecystitis and cholelithiasis - clinical manifestations) when gallstones move through the biliary ducts, the patient often complains of pain being ________intensified
(disorder: cholecystitis and cholelithiasis - medical management - surgical intervention) treatment of choice is what? (removal of the gallbladder) with legation of what?cholecystectomy the cystic duct, vein, and artery
(disorder: cholecystitis and cholelithiasis - medical management - surgical intervention) a laparoscopic _________ and open _____ __________ are the two surgical procedurescholecystectomy abdominal cholecystectomy
(lifespan considerations: older adults) as the body ages, the number and size of hepatic cells _________, which results in an overall reduced what?decreases size and weight of the liver
(lifespan considerations: older adults) be alert to the signs and symptoms of ____ ________, even when the drugs are administered in normal doses, because the decreased metabolism in the liver can cause what?drug toxicity accumulation
(disorder: pancreatitis - pathophysiology) _________ and ______ ____ ______ are the two factors most commonly associated with pancreatitisalcoholism and biliary tract disease
(disorder: cancer of the pancreas -pathophysiology) although once considered relatively rare, pancreatic cancer is now the __th leading cause of cancer death in the US and Canada4
(disorder: cancer of the pancreas -pathophysiology) a major factor in the high death rate from pancreatic cancer is the difficulty in diagnosing it at what?an early, curable stage
(disorder: cirrhosis - pathophysiology) increased pressure causes _______ (an accumulation of fluid and albumin in the peritoneal cavity)ascites
(disorder: cancer of the pancreas -pathophysiology) the normal liver inactivates the hormone __________, but the damaged liver allows its effect to continuealdosterone
(disorder: cancer of the pancreas -pathophysiology) retention of _____ and ______ results in _______ pressure in _______ _______and lymphatic channels, resulting in ______ ________ ascites is thus a result of ______ ________, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperaldosteronismfluid and sodium results in increased pressure in blood vessels and lymphatic channels, resulting in portal hypertension a result of portal hypertension, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperaldosteronism
(disorder: cancer of the pancreas -pathophysiology) ________ results from an accumulation of ___ ____ under the skin, the result of ________pruritus results from bile salts under the skin, the result of jaundice