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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

QuestionAnswer
The transportation system of the bodyCardiovascular [circulatory] System
The Cardiovascular System delivers Oxygen and Nutrients to the cells to support their individual activities and transports theCells waste products to the appropriate organs for disposal
The Heart is not much bigger than a fist and pumps how many gallons a day?1000
How many times does the heart beat a day?100,000
How does the Heart transport blood?60,000 miles through a network of blood vessels
A hollow organ composed mainly of muscle tissue with series of one-way valvesThe Heart
Where in the Chest Cavity is the Heart located?Between the lungs in a region called the Mediastinum
The organs and tissues separating the lungs; in addition to the heart and its greater vesselsMediastinum
What does the Mediastinum contain?Trachea and Esophagus
How much of the Heart lies left of the midlineTwo-Thirds
Where does the wider base of the heart lie?Superior to and beneath the 2nd rib
Where does the Apex "narrow part" of the heart lie?Inferiorly, slightly to the left between the fifth and sixth ribs near the Diaphragm
The Heart wall is composed of three layers which are:Pericardium Myocardium Endocardium
A two layered, serous membrane that covers the entire structurePericardium
Between the two thin membranes is a serous fluid that allows friction-free movement of theHeart as it contracts and relaxes
The Pericardium is which layer of the heart?Outermost
Which layer forms the bulk of the heart wall and is the thickest and strongest layer of the heart?Myocardium
The Myocardium is composed of theCardiac Muscle Tissue
What is responsible for pumping blood in the Myocardium tissue?Contraction
The Endocardium [ Innermost layer ] is composed of a thin layer ofConnective Tissue
What divides the Heart into the right and left halves by muscular partition?The Septum
The Heart has 4 chambers which areRight Atrium Right Ventricle Left Atrium Left Ventricle
The right atrium is the upper right chamber that receives what from the entire body?Deoxygenated Blood
In the right atrium, the superior vena cava returns blood from theHead, neck and the arms
Where does the Inferior vena cava return blood from?The lower body
The coronary vein returns blood from the heart muscle to theCoronary Sinus
The right ventricle is theLower right chamber
Where does the right ventricle pump blood to?The Lungs "Pulmonary Artery" to release Carbon Dioxide and receive Oxygen
The left atrium is theUpper left chamber
Where does the right ventricle receive deoxygenated blood?The right atrium
Where does the left atrium receive oxygenated blood?The lungs "pulmonary veins"
Both the Left Atrium and Left Ventricle receiveOxygenated Blood
Both the Right Atrium and Right Ventricle receiveDeoxygenated Blood
The Left Ventricle/Left Atrium is the thickest, most muscular section of the Heart and pumps the Oxygenated blood out through theAorta to all parts of the body
The Heart functions asTwo Separate Pumps
The right side pump of the heart receives Deoxygenated Blood andPumps it to the Lungs
The left side pump receives Oxygenated Blood from the lungs andPumps it throughout the body
The Heart has 4 valves that keep theBlood moving forward and prevent backflow
How many Atrioventricular [AV] Valves are in the Heart? and where are they located?Two, between the Atrium and Ventricles
The right AV valve is between the right Atrium and right Ventricle calledTricuspid Valve
The right Ventricle is called the Tricuspid because it containsThree flaps or Cusps
The left AV Valve is composed of two cusps [ Bicuspid ] commonly is called theMitral Valve
The two cusps called Mitral Valve are located between left Atrium and left Ventricle and both rapidly close toPrevent backflow of blood
Small cordlike structuresChordae Tendineae
What does The Chordae Tendineae connect the what?AV Valves to the walls of the heart
The AV Valves work with the Papillary muscles to make a tightSeal to prevent backflow when the Ventricles contract
Two remaining valves the Semilunar Valves are located at the points where theBlood exits the Ventricles
Where is the Pulmonary Semilunar Valve located?Right Ventricle and the Pulmonary Artery
Where is blood pushed out? and where does it travel?Out of Right Ventricle and goes to the lungs "Pulmonary Artery"
Where is the Aortic Semilunar Valve located?Between the left Ventricle and the Aorta
What happens when the left Ventricle contracts?Blood is forced into the Aorta making Aortic Semilunar Valve closes
Both Semilunar Valves have 3 cusps in the shape of aHalf Moon, hence the name Semilunar
What does the Heart Muscle tissue has the ability to do?Contract in a Rhythmic pattern
The ability of the Heart muscle tissue contacting in a Rhythmic pattern is calledAutomaticity
Can Heart muscle cells continue to beat if removed and placed under a microscope?Yes
Heart muscle cells can respond to a stimulus in same way that nerve cells do, this unique property is calledIrritability
What are two characteristics that affect the functions of the conduction system?Automaticity and Irritability
What affects the conduction of messages around the heart, initiation of heartbeat, and coordination of beating patterns between the Atria and the Ventricles?Hormones, Ion concentration, and changes in body temp
Where is the Heartbeat initiated in?The Sinoatrial [SA] node
Where is the Sinoatrial SA located?Upper part of the right atrium, just beneath the opening of the Superior Vena Cava