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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

QuestionAnswer
independant variableThe variable that is directly manipulated by the researcher
Dependent variableThe variable that is being measured
extraneous variableAny unwanted variables other than the IV that that can impact the DV
internal validityThe extent to which a study is measuring the effect of the IV on the DV
external validityThe extent to which findings of study are generalizable to other populations or environment
manipulatingResearchers use manipulation in their research design to determine if changes in one variable impact another variable or variables
situational extraneous variablerelated to things in the environment that may impact how each participant responds. If a ppt is taking a test in a cold room, the temperature would be considered an extraneous variable.
labratory experimentexperiment conducted under highly controlled conditions (not necessarily a laboratory), where accurate measurements are possible
feild experimentdone in the everyday (i.e. real life) environment of the participants. The experimenter still manipulates the independent variable, but in a real-life setting
natural experimentstudies where the experimenter cannot manipulate the IV, so the DV is simply measured and judged as the effect of an IV
ecological validityThe extent to which a studies findings can be generalized beyond the environment of the research
reliabilityThe extent to which a study can be repeated using a standardized procedure and gain consistent results
demand characteristicsWhen participants alter their natural behavior in response to their perceives aims/nature of the research
correlationA correlation Isa way of analyzing a relationship between variables. These are known as the co-variable one and co-variable two, due to there being no IV or DV present and no control over extraneous variables a cause-and-effect relationship cannot be established
positive correlationWhere co-variable one increases co-variable 2 also increases
negative corelationWhere co-variable one increases co-variable two decreases
observationAn observation is a research method that involves watching and recording behavior
case studyResearch method that focuses on one person or a small group of people such as a school or a class or a social group
interveiwsA research method designed to gather self-reported information directly from participants about their beliefs, opinions and attitudes
questionairesAnother research method that aims to gather self-reported data on a certain topic from lots of people
open-ended questionsThere are no set responses to these style questions they allow for participants to freely respond
closed-ended questionsThese questions have a list of pre-set responses e.g. yes/no or strongly agree/ strongly disagree
social desirabilityWhen participants do not answer questions honestly because they want to be seen in the best possible light by others