Buscar
Estás en modo de exploración. debe iniciar sesión para usar MEMORY

   Inicia sesión para empezar

level: 7.4 The structure of the heart

Questions and Answers List

level questions: 7.4 The structure of the heart

QuestionAnswer
The pumps- 2 pumps lying side by side - The left pump deals with oxygenated blood from lungs - The right pump deals with de-oxygenated blood from body
The chambers- 4 chambers - The atrium - The ventricles - Connected to large blood vessels, carry blood away or to heart
The atria- Thin-walled - Elastic, stretches as it collects blood - Receives blood from veins
The ventricles- Thick muscular walls - As it has to contract strongly to pump blood some distance, either to lungs or body - Pumps blood away from heart, into arteries
The left + right ventricles- Right ventricle pumps blood to lungs, has thinner muscular wall - Left ventricle pumps blood to body, has thicker muscular wall to contract to create enough pressure to pump blood
The atria + ventricles working together- Both atria contract together - Then both ventricles contract together - Pump in time with each other - Pumping the same volume of blood
Reasons for two separate pumps- Blood has to pass through thin capillaries in lungs in order to present a LSA for gas exchange - So there is a large pressure drop - So this system allows blood to be returned to the heart to increase pressure before going to rest of body - Essential to separate oxygenated + de-o blood
Pulmonary vessels- Vessles connecting the heart to the lungs
Vessels connected to four chambers- Aorta - Vena cava - Pulmonary artery - Pulmonary vein
Aorta- Connected to left ventricle - Carries oxygenated blood to body, accept lungs
Vena cava- Connected to the right atrium - Brings deoxygenated blood back from tissues, except lungs
Pulmonary artery- Connected to the right ventricle - Carries deoxygenated blood to lungs - Where oxygen is replenished + CO2 is removed - Unusually for artery, it carries de-o blood
Pulmonary vein- Connected to left atrium - Brings oxygenated blood back from lungs - Unusually for vein, it carries oxygenated blood
Renal artery- Carries oxygenated blood to kidneys (has urea and salts) - 2 renal arteries, 1 supplies to right kidney, 1 supplies to the left kidney
Renal vein- Carries deoxygenated blood ( that has had urea + excess salt removed) away from kidneys
Hepatic artery- Artery which supplies oxygenated blood to liver
Hepatic vein- Vein which removes deoxygenated blood away from liver
Hepatic portal vein- Vein which supplies blood rich with digestive products for metabolism
Supplying the heart muscle with oxygen- Heart does not use oxygenated blood that passes through it to meet its own respiratory needs - Heart muscles supplied by own vessels called, coronary arteries
Coronary arteries- Branch off aorta shortly after it leaves heart - Blockage of these can cause myocardial infarction
Papillary muscles and heart strings- PM contract - Creating tension on heart strings - Stops valves inverting