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level: 1.5 Lipids

Questions and Answers List

level questions: 1.5 Lipids

QuestionAnswer
Difference between unsaturated and saturated fatty acids- Unsaturated fatty acids contain at least one double bond in the hydrocarbon chain - Saturated fatty acids lack double bonds between carbon atoms - Saturated FA unable to accept more hydrogen
Emulsion test- Sample is obtained - crushing/grinding - Mixed with ethanol - Water is added - Forms emulsion - Turns cloudy, milky white if lipids are present
Roles of lipids- Energy - Insoluble - waterproofing - Insulation - fats are low conductors of heat - Protection - often stored
What is a triglyceride- A group of lipids - They have three fatty acids combined with glycerol - Contains unsaturated fatty acid tails which are hydrophobic and insoluble
Mono-unsaturated meaning- One double bond between carbon atoms
Poly-unsaturated meaning- More than one double bond between carbon atoms
What are phospholipids- A group of lipids - Made up of two fatty acids, a phosphate and a molecule of glyercol
Structure of a phospholipid- The fatty acid molecules repel water (hydrophobic) - non polar tail - The phosphate molecules attract water (hydrophilic) - polar head
Fatty acids- Carboxyl group - Attached to a long non-polar hydrocarbon chain (hydrophobic)
Structure of a triglyceride related to its function- Lots of C-H bonds (stores energy) - Non-polar and insoluble (does not affect water potential)
Structure of phospholipids related to function- Polar heads forms a bilayer in water - Water holds phospholipids in place - Can form glycolipids
Triglycerides have a hydrophobic tail. Explain how this feature of a lipid is important for its function.- Hydrophobic tails force them to clump together as insoluble droplets - So they can be stored, as a source of energy - Without affecting water potential by osmosis