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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

QuestionAnswer
Loose material which forms the thin surface layer of the Earth.Soil
What is soil a mixture of?Inorganic matter and minerals and humus
What is soil a result of?weathering and disintegration of rocks
Is soil a renewable resource?yes
What is the process of soil formation called?Pedogenesis
How is silica present in the sand?in the form of small crystalline grains
What is the main constituent of sand?Silica
How is silica derived?disintegration of rocks
What is a mixture of silicates and minerals such as iron,calcium,sodium,potassium and aluminium?Clay
Which inorganic compound of soil retains moisture?Clayey soil
What is chalk?Calcium carbonate
What is the most essential element for plant growth?Calcium
What components of soil determine the fertility of soil?Organic components
What is the ultimate form of mineral?Humus
Is humus a mineral?Nooooooooooooooooooo baybeh
What is humus formed by?decomposition of plant remains, animal waste and dead animals
What helps to retain moisture ?Humus
removal of topsoil by different agents of weathering?Soil erosion
What is the prime factor of soil erosion?Running water
Does soil erosion help in soil formation?yes
How does soil erosion help in soil formation?As the soil removed is deposited elsewhere
What does soil erosion do?Disturb the agricultural pattern
Erosion where the soil is pulverised by heavy drops and hailstonesSplash erosion
In case of which rainfall does splash erosion occur?Convectional rainfall
Due to heavy rains, a surface film of water carries away even surface layer of the topsoil as it moves?Sheet erosion
Another name for Rill erosion?Gully erosion
In which kind of erosion does cut steep sided valleys as it runs off?Gully/Rill erosion
What cuts up agricultural land into bad land where no cultivation is possible?Gully erosion?
Chambal ravines is an example of what?Gully erosion
Soil erosion by wind occurs on which kind of lands?extensive flat lands
How does the upper soil become loose and susceptible to wind erosion?By lack of moisture
How does soil erosion by overgrazing occur?When wind erosion occurs as soil devoid of vegetation is directly exposed to wind
Where is shifting agriculture common?North east India
Is lack of crop rotation a faulty measure of agriculture?Yes
Wrong ploughing is not a method of faulty agriculture. True or FalseFalse
An effort made by man to prevent soil erosion to retain the fertility of soilSoil conservation
How can constructing dams and barrages help in soil conservation?Construction would check the speed of water and save soil from erosion
Give an effective measure of ploughingContour method of ploughing
Give an effective measure against Rill erosion?Terrace farming
How does terrace farming keep a check on soil erosion?controls the direct flow of water down the slope
How would planting cover crops check soil erosion?Plant roots hold the soil together
How can the velocity of wind to prevent wind erosion can be checked?BY planting belts of trees, shrubs etc
How have soils of peninsular India been formed?Disintegration of rocks in situ
What does "disintegration of rocks in situ" mean?formed directly from the underlying parent rock
Other name for the soils of peninsular India?Sedentary soils
What are northern plains also known as?extra peninsular India
What part of India's soil is formed by transported or residual alluvium?Northern plains (ex situ soils)
What are alluvial soils?Transported/ex situ soils
In which section are the alluvial soils coarsest?Upper section
In which section are alluvial soils finest in?Delta region
Which soil supports the maximum share of agricultural products and the bulk of Indian products?Alluvial Soils
What percentage of India's land do alluvial soils occupy?45.6%
Another name for alluvial soils?Riverine soils
Which type of soil is made up of newer alluvium?Young khadar soil
Which type of soil is made up of older alluvium?Old bhangar soil
What kind of soil contains fine sand and silt?Young khadar soil
Which kind of soil contains kankars and pebbles?Old bhangar soil
What colour is young khadar soil?Pale brown
What colour is old bhangar soil?vary from light grey to ash grey
Where are young khadar soils found?lower levels near the rivers
Where are old bhangar soils found?30m above flood levels of rivers
Which type of soil is more fertile...young khadar or old bhangar?Young khadar soil
What crops are alluvial soils suitable for?Wheat,sugarcane,rice,cotton and oilseeds
In delta region, alluvial soils is suitable for which crop?Jute
What colour are alluvial soils of north India?Pale brown
What colour are alluvial soils of South India?Darker in colour
Why are alluvial soils of south india darker in colour?as rivers of deccan plateau flowing through black soil region carry the same to the delta
Are alluvial soils of northern India porous and sandy?Yes
Are alluvial soils of Southern India porous?Yes
Ae alluvial soils of Southern India sandy?No , they are clayey.
What kind of crops are alluvial soils of north India suitable for?Wheat crop
What kind of crops are alluvial soils of southern India suitable for?Rice crop
Another name for alluvial soils of southern India?Deltaic alluvium
Another name for black soils?Regur/ Black cotton soils
Why is black soil also called black cotton soil?as cotton is the most grown crop in these soils
Are black soils in situ or ex situ?In situ (residual soils)
How have black soils been formed?by weathering of basic lava of the deccan trap
Do black soil retain moisture?yes and they also become sticky (ew)
Which soil is self ploughing?Black soil
How can the black colour be observed?from black crystalline schists and basic gneisses
How much percentage of clay does black soil have?60%
What are black soils deficient in?phosphates, nitrogen and humus/organic matter
State true or false: Black soils of uplands are very fertileFalse
Are black soils sedentary soils?yes
Black soil is vastly confined to which area?Deccan plateau
Are red soils in situ or ex situ?In situ
How are red soils formed?by weathering of ancient crystalline and metamorphic rocks
What are the parent rocks of red soil?acid granites and gneiss
How much percentage of Indian land do red soil occupy?10.6%
where does the red soil get it's colour from?iron oxide content
What is the nature of red soils?porous and friable
What do red soils lack in?Lime , magnesia, phosphate , nitrogen and humus
What are red soil rich in?potash
What does laterite mean?"brick"
How are laterite soils formed?by heavy rainfall and high temperature with alternate wet and dry periods
When does the formation of laterite soil take place?during monsoon
The process by which soluble minerals like lime dissolve in rainwater and percolate to they bottom leaving the topsoil infertile?Leaching
Which type of soils harden like iron when exposed to air?Laterite soils
How are laterite soils red in colour?Due to presence of Iron oxide
What texture do laterite soils have?coarse
What nature do laterite soils have?friable and porous
What minerals are laterite soils rich in?iron oxide
Why do laterite soils lack fertility?intensive leaching
Do laterite soils respond to manuring and irrigation?Yes
Laterite soils are suitable for which kind of crops?Plantation crops