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level: Chp 3 and 4 ?key Terms

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Chp 3 and 4 ?key Terms

QuestionAnswer
AlopeciaLoss of hair. Cause can be aging, drugs, such as antineoplastics, anxiety, or disorder processes
Autograftsurgical transplantation of any tissue from one part of the body to another location in the same patient.
ConttracturesShortening or tension of muscles that affects extension
Curling's UlcerA duodenal ulcer that develops 8 to 14 days, after severe burns on the surface of the body; the first sign is usually vomiting of bright red blood
Debridement(removal of damaged tissue and cellular debris from a wound or burn to prevent infection and promote healing, special cleansing support regeneration of the tissues.
EscharBlack leathery crust (i.e. a slough) that the body forms over burned tissue, eschar can harbor microorganisms and cause infection.
excoriationinjury to the surface layer of skin caused by scratching or abrasion
Exudatefluid, cells, or other substances that have been slowly exuded, or discharged, from cells or blood vessels through small pores or breaks in cell membranes
Heterogarft (xenograft)Tissue from another species such as a pig or a cow, used as a temporary graft.
Homograft (allograft)The transfer of tissue between two genetically dissimilar individuals of the same species, such as a skin transplant from another person who is not an identical twin (often a cadaver)
Keloids(an overgrowth of collagenous scar tissue of the site of a skin wound) are seen more often in individuals of African descent than in whites
Maculessmall fat blemishes flush with the skin surface
Nevi(singular nevis) or molesPigmented congenital skin blemishes that are usually benign but may become cancerous
Papulessmall, raised, solid skin lesions less than 1 cm in diameter
Pediculosis(lice infestation)a parasitic disorder of the skin
PruritusThe symptom of itching, tingling, or burning
Pustulant vessicles(small, circumscribed elevations of the skin that contains pus) and then rupture and form dried exudate
Rule of ninesDetermines the total body surface area (TBSA) burned. The rule of nines divides the body into multiples of nine. The entire head is 9%, the anterior and posterior aspects of the arms are a total of 9% each, the legs are 9% anterior and 9% posterior, the chest and back are 18% each, and the perineum is 1%
SupporationProduction of purulent material
Urticariais the presence of wheals or hives in an allergic reaction, commonly caused by drugs, food, insect bites, inhalants, emotional stress, or exposure to heat or cold
Verrucais a benign, viral, warty skin lesion with a rough, papillomatous (nipple-like) growth pattern
Vesicle(circumscribed elevation of skin filled with serous, fluid, smaller than 0.5 cm) at the corner of the mouth, on the lips or not the nose
Wheals(round elevation of the skin: while in the center with a pale red periphery) of urticaria appear suddenly
AnkylosisFixation of a joint, often in an abnormal position, usually resulting from destruction of articular cartilage and subchondral bone
ArthrocentesisPuncture of a joint with a needle to withdraw fluid, performed to obtain synovial fluid for diagnostic purposes
ArthrodesisSurgical fusion of a joint
ArthroplastySurgical repair or refashioning of one of both sides, parts, or specific tissues within a joint
Bipolar hip replacement(hemiarthroplasty)Prosthetic implant used to replace the femoral head and neck in hip fractures when the vascular supply of the femoral head is or may become compromised
Blanching testa test of the rate of capillary refill; benching means to cause to become pale by applying digital pressure
CallusBony deposits forms between and around the broken ends of a fractured bone during healing
Coles fractureA fracture of the distal portion of the radius within 1 inch of the joint of the wrist
Compartment SyndromePathologic condition caused by progressive development of arterial compression and reduced blood supply to an extremity
CrepitusSound that resembles the crackling noise heard when rubbing hair between the fingers or throwing salt on an open fire
FibromyalgiaA musculoskeletal chronic pain syndrome of unknown etiology that causes pain in muscles, bones, or joints
KyphosisAn abnormal condition of the vertebral column; characterized by increased convexity in the curvature of the Thoracic spine
LordosisAn increase in the curve at the lumbar space region that throws the shoulder back, making the appearance "lordly or kingly"
Open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF)A surgical procedure allowing fracture alignment under direct visualization while using various internal fixation devices applied to the bone
Parathesiaany subjective sensation, such as a prickling "pins and needles" feeling or numbness
ScoliosisCurvature of the spine usually consisting of two curves; the original abnormal curve and a compensatory curve in the opposite direction
SequestrumA fragment of necrotic bone that isa partially of entirely detached from the surrounding or adjacent health or healthy bone
Subluxationspartial dislocation
TophiCalculi containing sodium rate deposits that develop in periarticular fibrous tissue; typically found in patients with gout
Volkmann's ContractureA permanent contracture with claw hand, flexion of wrist and finger, and atrophy of the forearm, can occur as a result of compartment syndrome