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level: Drugs

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Drugs

QuestionAnswer
Drugs to avoid with CKDAny drug that is nephrotoxic should be avoided  – e.g. gentamicin used for endocarditis treatment;  tetracyclines other than doxycycline should be  avoided Other drugs may require dose reduction – e.g.aciclovir, amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefalexin and  erythromycin Remember renal transplants =  immunosuppression (ciclosporin) – caution  with concurrent drugs Drugs used in dental sedation should be used  with extreme care as a greater effect than  normal may be produced
Warfarin interacts withinteraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), carbamazapine, azole antifungals, metronidazole and macrolide antibiotics with warfarin.
statins and azoles and clarithroincidence of myopathy after prescribing azoles and clarithromycin in those taking statins.
Metro vs amoxaNo amoxa if penicillin allergy, metro- alcohol indication. Amox safer if pregnant
Signs of systemic infection§ Malaise (tiredness) § Myalgia (muscle pain and ache) § Arthralgia (aches and pains) § Low grade fever
Septic shock signsLow Blood Pressure Metabolic and cellular abnormalities Cerebral effects Sleepy; confused; agitated; aggressive – Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Embolism
bacteria commonly systemic?yes
Virus commonly systemicno
yeast and fungiuncommonly systemic
What to do in sepsisSEPSIS = emergency situation requiring immediate  care (phone 999; apply oxygen; legs elevated) Regular antipyretic can be helpful Anti‐infective treatment (see next