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level: Neurological diseases

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Neurological diseases

QuestionAnswer
3 non dental pains areTMJ related, giant cell arteritis, trigeminal neuralgia
Important when taking pain to note whether pain isContinous or episodic and unilateral or bilateral
Trigeminal neuralgia- usually from ectatic blood vessels symptomssevere unilateral pain lasting for seconds like electric shock several attacks a day may complain of dull aching pains
what is carbamazepine used for and what type of drug is itIt is an anticolvusant used to treat trigeminal neuralgia
Surgical treatment of trigem neuralgiaGlycerol injection of the 5th nerve and microvascular decompression
Giant cell temporal arteritis symptoms and treatmentPain and tenderness of temple feeling unwell may be lack of pulsation of temporal artery patient should be treated immediately with oral steroid if this works then this is diagnostic and patient may need maintenance doses for years to come
Other causes of facial pain -Glossopharnygeal neuralgia, short unilateal neuralgifrom pain, post herpetic neuralgia, post stroke pain, non anatomical extraoral and intraoral
Atypical/ idiopathic pain due to treated byFatigue/stress treated with antidepressants and cognitive therapy
Raised ICP symptomsHeadache, vomiting and blurring of vision
Causes of raised ICPSubdural haemotoma, tumour or infection from meningitis, encephalitis or a cerebral abcess
Headache sinister symptomsSudden onset worsening accomp. focal neurological symtoms and features of raised ICP fever neck stiff headache on cough laughinig and in pregnancy
What is a seizureAn abnormal function of the brain as a results of abnormal paroxysmal neuronal discharge
Main drug used to treat epilepsyAnticonvulsant
Dental side effects of anticolvulsantsDental bleeding, carbamazepine, phenytoin and sod valproate. Gingival hyperplasia is caused by phenytoin
Emergency treatment principlesMaintain airway asses breathing give O2 maintain circulatin establish IV access with lorezepam as IV bolus, diazepam IV or rectally and buccal midazolam
TIA-stroke symptoms and signs that resolve within 24 hours
Stroke is aSyndrome consisiting of rapidly developing clinical signs of focal/global disturbance of cerebral function lasting more than 24 hours or leaidng to deaeth
Stroke treated withAlteplase IC, aspririn if outside of thromboylsis window
MS treatmetnBaclofen and tizanide to treat spazmicity, anti ds anti ACh for bladder instabilty IV methylprednisolone