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level: Appendicular Skeleton- Lower Thorax

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Appendicular Skeleton- Lower Thorax

QuestionAnswer
What are the functions of the pelvic girdle?the pelvic girdle attaches the lower limbs to the spine the pelvic girdle supports visceral organs
How does the pelvic girdle attach to the axial skeleton?The pelvic girdle attaches to the axial skeleton via strong ligaments
What is the Acetabulum?the acetabulum is a deep hemispherical socket on the lateral pelvic surface that holds the head of the femur
What is the difference between the lower and upper limbs?Lower limbs have less freedom of movement because they are more stable
What does the pelvic girdle consist of?The pelvic girdle consists of paired hip bones and the sacrum
How do the 2 pelvic bones unite?The pelvic bones unite anteriorly with each other
What do the pelvic bones articulate with?the pelvic bones posteriorly articulate with the sacrum
In childhood, what bones make up the pelvic girdle?- ilium - ischium - pubis
What occurs to the 3 bones that makeup the pelvic girdle during adulthoodthe 3 bones fuse together
What makes up the Coxal or pelvic bone1. Ilium 2. Pubis 3. Ischium
Name the structureSacrum
Name the structureCoccyx
Name the structurePubic Symphysis
Name the structureacetabulum
Name the structurePubis
Name the structurePubic arch
Name the structurePubic crest
name the structurecoccyx
Name the structureiliac crest
Name the structureIschial Tuberosity
Define the Illiumthe ilium is a large flaring bone that forms the superior region of the coxal (pevlic) bone.
Function of the Ilium bonethe site of attachment for many muscles
What is the sacroiliac joint?The sacroiliac joint articulates the ilium and the sacrum
Name the structures1. Iliac crest 2. Iliac fossa
Define the Ischiumthe ischium forms the posteroinferior region of the coxal bone
How does the ischium join the pubis?the ischium anteriorly joins the pubis
What is the strongest part of the hip bone?the ischial tuberosities
Define the Pubisthe pubis forms the anterior region of the coxal bones
In antomical positon, where does the pubis lie?the pubis lies horizontally
Define the pubic symphysisthe pubic symphysis describes the joining of the 2 pubic bones through fibrocartilage
Where is the pubic arch located?The pubic arch is located inferior to the pubic symphysis
How can the pubic arch help determine if the skeleton is male or female?the angle of the pubic arch can help determine if the person was male or female female: wider and shorter
What is the funtion of the lower limb?the lower limb carries the entire weight of the erect body which is why the bones are thicker and stronger
What are the 3 segments the lower limb is divided into?- thigh - leg - foot
Describe the thigh regionthe thigh region is the area between the hip and the knee - consists of the femur
Describe the femurthe single bone of the thigh - longest and strongest bone
What does the femur articulate with?the head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum
Name the structureHead of Femur
Name the structureNeck of femur
Name the structureGreater Trochanter
Name the structureLesser Trochanter
Name the structureGluteal Tuberosity
Name the structureLinea Aspera
Name the structureLateral Epicondyle
Name the structureLateral Condyle
Name the structureMedial Condyle
Name the structuralMedial epicondyle
Name the structurePatellar surface
What type of bone is the patellaTriangular Sesamoid bone
Where is the patella located?the patella is embedded in the tendon that secures the quadriceps muscles
Function of the patella- protects the knee anteriorly - improves leverage of the thigh muscle across the knee
What does the leg consits of?the leg is composed of the tibia and fibula
How does the leg recieve weight?the leg receives eight from the femur
Define Tibiathe tibia is the more massive medial bone of the leg
Define Fibulathe fibula is the sticklike lateral bone of the leg
What connects the tibia and fibula?the interosseous membrane connects the tibia and fibula
How does the tibia articulate with the femur?the superior end of the tibia articulates with the femur and forms the knee joint
How does the tibia articulate with the talusThe inferior end of the tibia articulates with the talus and forms the ankle joint
What stabilizes the ankle joint?The fibula stabilizes the ankle joint because the fibula does not contribute the knee joint
Name the structureFibula
Name the structureTibia
Name the sturctureIntraserous membrane
Name the structureHead of Fibula
Name the structureTibial Tuberosity
Name the structureMedial Condyle
Name the structure1. Superior Tibiofibular joint 2. Inferior Tibiofibular joint
Name the structureFibular notch
Name the structure1. Articular surface of medial condyle 2. Articular surface of later condyle
Name the structures1. Femur 2. Patella 3. Tibia 4. Fibula
Name the structures1. Tibia 2. Fibula
Name the structures1. Tarsals 2. Meta Tarsals 2. Phalanges
What is Hip Dysplasia?Hip Dysplasia occurs when the head of the femur slips out of the acetabulum
What is Clubfoot?Clubfoot occurs when the soles of the feet turn medially
What do the pictues show?1. Hip Dysplasia (head of femur is out) 2. Clubfoot (feet are turned in)