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level: Blood Vessels

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Blood Vessels

QuestionAnswer
What are the smallest blood vessels?Capillaries
What are the three major types of blood vessels?Arteries Capillaries Veins
Main function of the arteries?Arteries carry blood away from the heart
What are the smallest arteries?Arterioles are the smallest arteries
What receives blood from capillaries?Venules receive blood from capillaries.
Where do venules send blood?Veins receive blood from venules..
Function of VeinsVeins receive blood from the venules and transport the blood to the heart
What is the innermost layer of the blood vessels?Endothelium
What structure can be found inside veins but not arteries?Valves are found inside veins
What are the largest types of arteries?Elastic arteries are the largest arteries and come right after the heart - elasticity allows for pumping... with age this elasticity decreases
True or False: is the aorta considered an elastic arteryTrue
Define Muscular arteriesMuscular arteries are farther away from the heart and include an internal/external elastic laminae
What are considered the smallest arteriesArterioles are the smallest arteries
What controls the arterioles?Local factors in the tissue and the sympathetic nervous system
Define capillariesCapillaries have site specific functions Red blood cells must pass through in a single file line
Function of capillaries in the LungsCapillaries in the lungs are sites where oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves
Function of Capillaries in the small intestineCapillaries in the small intestine receive digested nutrients
Function of capillaries in the Endocrine glandsCapillaries in the endocrine glands pick up hormones
Function of capillaries in the kidneysCapillaries in the kidneys allow for the removal of nitrogenous wastes
What is a continuous capillary?capillaries that do not contain many gaps or spaces which equals very little to no leakage
What is a fenestrated capillary?A more porous capillary that allows plasma and hormones and other things to pass through
What is a sinusoid capillary?contains many gaps and is labeled as a semi holder for erythrocytes
Define TranscytosisContinuous capillaries participate in transcytosis which brings proteins and macromolecules across the endothelium
How do substances pass through Fenestrated capillaries?through transcytosis and fenestrations or pores
Where are sinusoids found?Bone marrow Spleen Liver
What are factors of capillary permeability?through direct diffusion through intracellular clefts through cytoplasmic vesicles through fenestrations
Define the blood brain barrier- capillaries have tight junctions - no intracellular clefts are present - vital molecules pass through (think of the role of glial cells)
What are capillary beds?place where arterial blood enters and venous blood leaves a network of capillaries is running through the tissue
What are areas in the body poorly vascularized?Tendons and ligaments
What areas in the body are avascular?epithelia and cartilage - (they receive nutrients from CT)
Define Venous vesselsvenous vessels conduct blood from capillaries towards the heart
What has lower blood pressure... veins or arteries?blood pressure is lower in veins
what are the smallest veins?venules are the smallest veins
what are the smallest venules?postcapillary venules
Venules join to form _____.Veins
Veins vs Arteries structureVeins have larger lumens Tunica externa in veins is thicker Veins have less elastin Walls are thinner in veins
What are mechanisms that combat low venous pressure?Valves can be located in some veins (specifically in limbs) Skeletal muscle pump (muscles press against the thin walled veins)
Vascular anastomoses are formed by...the interconnections of vessels
True or false: organs receive blood from more than one arterial sourceTrue, this is why we have vascular anastomoses
What forms arterial anastomoses?neighboring arteries form arterial anastomoses which provides collateral channels
What is more frequent... vein or artery anastomoseveins anastomose are more frequent
Name this structureEndothelium
Name this structureSubendothelial layer
Name this structureInternal Elastic membrane
Name this structureTunica Media
Name this structureExternal elastic membrane
Name this structureTunica Externa
Name this structureTunica Externa
Name this structure (the 2nd blue line)Capillary Network
Name this structureValves
Name this structureBasement membrane
Name this structureEndothelial
Name this structureLumen
Name this structuresblue: artery green: vein pink: capillary
Name this structureblue: continuous capillary red: Fenestrated (larger) green: Sinusoid (largest)