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level: Bone Landmarks of Axial Skeleton

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Bone Landmarks of Axial Skeleton

QuestionAnswer
What landmark is this?foramen magnum; occipital bone
What landmark is this?occipital condyles; occipital bone
What landmark is this?jugular foramen; occipital bone
What landmark is this?hypoglossal canal; occipital bone
What landmark is this?external occipital protuberance; occipital bone
What landmark is this?styloid process; temporal bone
What landmark is this?mastoid process; temporal bone
What landmark is this?zygomatic process; temporal bone
What is the function of the zygomatic process?joins with temporal process of zygomatic bone to form zygomatic arch
What landmark is this?external auditory (acoustic) meatus; temporal bone
What landmark is this?mandibular fossa; temporal bone
What landmark is this?jugular foramen; temporal bone
What landmark is this?glabella; frontal bone
What landmark is this?supraorbital notches/foramen; frontal bone
What landmark is this?petrous potions; temporal bone
What landmark is this?internal auditory (acoustic) meatus; temporal bone
What landmark is this? Function?greater wings of sphenoid; form the floor of the middle cranial fossa and lateral wall of the orbit
What landmark is this? Function?lesser wings of sphenoid; separates anterior cranial fossa from middle cranial fossa
What landmark is this?sella turcica; sphenoid
What landmark is this? Function?superior orbital fissures of sphenoid; contains cranial muscles for eye movement
What landmark is this? What does it hold?foramen rotundum of sphenoid; 5th cranial nerve
What landmark is this?foramen ovale; sphenoid
What landmark is this? What does it house?foramen spinosum of sphenoid; artery
What landmark is this? Function?pterygoid processes of sphenoid; help with jaw manipulation
What landmark is this?crista galli; ethmoid
What landmark is this?cribriform plate; ethmoid
What landmark is this?perpendicular plate; ethmoid
What landmark is this?middle nasal conchae; ethmoid
What landmark is this?ethmoid sinuses; ethmoid
What landmark is this?maxillary sinus; maxilla
What landmark is this? Function?alveolar process of maxilla; holds the teeth
What landmark is this? What does it contain?infraorbital foramen of maxilla; infraorbital nerve
What landmark is this?body; mandible
What landmark is this?ramus; mandible
What landmark is this?mandibular angle; mandible
What landmark is this?condyle; mandible
What landmark is this?mandibular notch; mandible
What landmark is this?coronoid process; mandible
What landmark is this?mental foramen; mandible
What landmark is this?mandibular foramen; mandible
What landmark is this?perpendicular plate; palatine
What landmark is this?horizontal plate; palatine
What landmark is this?lacrimal fossa; lacrimal
What landmark is this?superior articular facet; typical vertebrae, C1, C2
What landmark is this?inferior articular facet; typical vertebrae, C1, C2
What landmark is this?transverse process; typical vertebrae, C1, C2
What landmark is this?vertebral foramen; typical vertebrae, C1, C2
What landmark is this?lamina; typical vertebrae
What landmark is this?pedicles; typical vertebrae, C2
What landmark is this?body; typical vertebrae
What landmark is this?transverse process; thoracic spine
What landmark is this?superior costal facets; thoracic spine
What landmark is this?inferior costal facets
What landmark is this?transverse costal facets; thoracic spine
What region of the spine? What are some characteristics of these vertebrae?lumbar spine; bear the most weight, have the largest bodies, pronounced transverse processes, vertebral foramen is more triangular, have strongly curved articular facets that limit their mobility
What region of spine? What are they associated with? What are some characteristics?thoracic spine; ribcage; articular facets are flat allowing more mobility between adjacent vertebrae
What is pictured here? What region of the spine does it belong? What are some defining characteristics?Atlas (C1); cervical spine; almost no vertebral body, large transverse foramen, inferior/superior articular facets, posterior/anterior arch
What is pictured here? What region of the spine does it belong?Axis (C2); cervical spine
What is pictured here?vertebrae C3-C7 of the cervical spine
What is pictured here?sacrum
What is pictured here?coccyx
What landmark is this?median sacral crest; sacrum
What landmark is this?sacral canal; sacrum
What landmark is this?superior articular processes; sacrum
What landmark is this?sacral hiatus; sacrum
What landmark is this?auricular surface; sacrum
What landmark is this?apex; sacrum
What landmark is this?sacral promontory; sacrum; on first vertebra
What landmark is this? Function?4 pairs of sacral foramina of sacrum; blood vessels and spinal nerves emerge
How many vertebrae make up the coccyx?4
What are ribs 1-7 named?true ribs
What are ribs 8-12 named?false ribs
What are ribs 11-12 called?floating ribs
What is the function of the external occipital protuberance in the occipital bone?neck muscles attach here
What is the function of the formen magnum?the whole where the spine fits so that it can connect to the brain
What are the frontal sinuses? What is their function?hollow, air-filled spaces inside the bone that connect to the nasal cavity through small openings in the nose
What is the squamous portion of the temporal bone?the thin, flat portion of the bone
What is the function of the petrous portion of the temporal bone?divides middle cranial fossa from posterior cranial fossa; contains acoustic organ (inner ear)
What is the function of the internal auditory (acoustic) meatus of the temporal bone?contains nerve that allows for sound to be processed
What landmark is this?foramen lacerum; temporal bone
What landmark is this?optic canals; sphenoid
What landmark is this?spenoid sinus; sphenoid
What landmark is this?palatine process; maxilla
What is the hard palate (roof of mouth) made up of?horizontal plate of palatine (2) and palatine process of maxilla
What landmark is this? Function?temporal process of zygomatic bone; joins zygomatic process to form zygomatic arch
What is this landmark?nasolacrimal canal; lacrimal
What landmark is this? Function?alveolar process of mandible; houses teeth
What is this landmark?body; hyoid
What is this landmark?lesser horn; hyoid
What is this landmark?greater horn; hyoid
What landmark is this?intervertebral foramen; typical vertebrae
What are some characteristics of the cervical spine?small transverse processes, smallest vertebral bodies, transverse foramina
What is this landmark? What is its function?dens (odontoid process); allows for pivot of atlas
What is this landmark? Function?transverse ridges of sacrum; separates the 5 sacral vertebrae
How many sacral vertebrae make up the sacrum?5
What landmark is this?lateral sacral crest; sacrum
What landmark is this?anterior arch; C1
What landmark is this?posterior arch; C1
What landmark is this?spinous process; C2
What is another name for vertebra C7? Why is this?Vertebra prominens; it has a longer and larger spinous process than other cervical vertebrae