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level: Network Toplogy

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Network Toplogy

QuestionAnswer
What are the two network toplogies?Star and bus
What is a computer not connected to any other computing device called?Standalone
Define a LANtwo or more computers connected together within a small geographical area
What is the definition of a network topologyA network topology is the arrangement of the various computing devices which make up a computer network
Give the 5 defining factors of a bus topologyAll nodes are connected to a single backbone cable Each end of the backbone is connected to either a terminator or a computer which stops signals ‘bouncing back’ Each node is passive Data is sent in one direction at a time only Only one computer can transmit successfully at any one time
What are the advantages of a bus topology?Cheap to set up Easy to set up Devices can easily be added Good for small networks
What are the disadvantages of a bus topology?Main cable is a point of failure Only one device can send a signal at time Limited cable length Performance degrades with heavy use, owing to data “collisions” Poor security
Whta are the fundamentals to a star toplogyComputers are connected to a central node
Explain what the difference between a hub and a switch isA switch sends each communication to the specific computer it is intended for wheras a hub broadcasts the message to every computer on the LAN
What is a MAC adressHardcoded adress given to a networked device
What are the advantages of a star networkEasy to isolate problems Good performance More secure if a switch is used as data is sent only to the recipient
What are the disadvatages of a star networkCan be expensive to set up because of the length of cable required Central device is point of failure
What does a physical topology define?The physical topology of a network defines how the devices are physically connected
What does the logical toplology defineThe logical topology defines how the devices communicate across the physical topologies In other words how the data is transmitted
Explain the operation of a star network• Each device has its own cable connected to a hub or switch
Explain the operation of a bus networkEach device is connected to the main cable
Describe some tasks that the transport layer performsProvides reliability of transmission // check transmission successful; Error detection and correction // error handling A either detection or correction; Acknowledgement of received packets; Retransmission of packets if necessary; Flow control / congestion avoidance / congestion management; Packet sequencing; Adding TCP headers; Pass data to correct process in application layer; Allocates port numbers; Dividing data into packets / reassembles data from packets; NE “chunks”, transports packets Connection establishment / maintenance; Creation of virtual circuits // creating an end-to-end connection