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level: Level 1 of SR DRUG STUDY TOOL

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of SR DRUG STUDY TOOL

QuestionAnswer
Nitro classificationAnti-anginal / coronary vasodilator
indications for NitroCardiac ischemia, moderate/severe respiratory distress, cardiogenic pulmonary edema
Contraindications for nitroAllergy or sensitivity, use of phophodiesterase inhibitors -boner pills within 48 hours, if SBP drops 1/3 of the initial value after first dose, if 12 lead indicates RV infarct
What is the BP and HR parameters for nitronormotensive - SBP >100 mmHg, 60 - 159 bpm
Onset and dosing interval for nitroonset: 1-4 mins interval - 5 mins
Common side effects of nitroHeadache, metallic taste, syncope, N/V
5 conditions that must be present in order to administer Nitro>18 Unaltered HR 60 - 159 Normotensive SBP >100 Pervious use or IV access obtained
what is the primary mechanism by which nitro helps M.IsDecreases preload thereby decreasing MVO2
what is the effect of Nitro on myosin filamentsInactivates it causing vasodilation
what are the routes Nitro can be administeredSL, Transdermal,IV
what are the 7 rights of nitroright patient, Right drug, right dose, right time, right route, right to know, right to refuse
Classification of ASAantiplatelet, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic
Use for ASAHeadache, fever, pain relief
Indications for ASASuspected cardiac ischemia
Contraindications for ASAAllergy or sensitivity to it or NSAIDS CVA or TBI within the pervious 24 hours Current active bleeding Asthmatic or no prior use
Onset and dosing intervals for ASAOnset : 30 mins Dosing : 1 dose or 2 tablets ( 80-81mg each)
Duration of ASA24 - 48 hrs
Side effects of ASAOverdose on 150mg/kg S&S = Tinnitis, Kussmaul breathing - caused by metabolic acidosis - , Pyrexia -fever-, altered LOA
3 conditions that must be met to administer ASA>18 Ability to chew Unaltered
what is the therapeutic index for ASA80-1500mg
Classification of OxygenNaturally occurring atmospheric gas
Onset of OxygenImmediate
Precautions when administering oxygenWith COPD PT giving high O2 can cause them to stop breathing due to hypoxic drive, with neonates prolonged high PO2 may cause blindness - retrolental fibroplasia
Using O2 for COPD PTstart at 2 LMP - if they are not on home air - maintain flow rate if PT status improves, increase increments of 2 LMP above starting every 2-3 minutes if PTs status deteriorates or they feel worse - reasses every 10 mins
NRB O2 %60 - 90 %
NC - nasal cannla - O2 %44 %
SFM (simple face mask) O2 %40 - 60 %
Tank equationTanks pressure (gauge pressure – safe residual pressure) x tank constant oxygen delivered in litres per minute
Classification of Glucagonglucose elevating agent, insulin antagonist
Use for GlucagonHypoglycaemia , esophageal obstruction, beta blocker overdose
Contraindications for GlucagonAllergy or sensitivity, phechromoctoma
Onset and dosing intervals for GlucagonOnset: 5 - 10 mins Dosing: 20 mins , max 2 doses
what cells secrete GlucagonAlpha cells
What is the effect that Glucagon has on the heartincreases FOC
What does it mean if you give Glucagon then PT becomes hypertensive, tachycardia and intracranial bleedpheochromocytoma - blood vessels in brain burst
Glucagon <25kgGiven : IM Dose: 0.5mg Max SINGLE dose: 0.5mg Dosing interval: 20 mins Max # of doses: 2
Glucagon >25 kgGiven: IM Dose: 1mg Max SINGLE dose: 1 mg Dosing interval: 20 mins Max # of doses: 2
D102 years old + Given: IV 0.2g/kg OR 0.2cc/kg max dose: 2 max SINGLE dose: 10g/100cc dosing interval: 10 mins
Classification of Ventolinsympathomimetic, bronchodilator
What is the effect of Glucagon on the renal systemDecreased renal vascular resistance
Indications for hypoglycaemia assessmentagitation or altered LOA or Seizure or Symptoms of stroke
What is the main site of action for VentolinLungs - lower respiratory
Indications for Ventolinbronchoconstriction
Contraindications for VentolinNEB: pt's with known or suspected fever or febrile respiratory outbreak
Onset and Dosing intervals for VentolinOnset: 3- 10 minutes Dosing: 5-15 prn
Max dosage for Ventolin3
Durations of Ventolin<4 hours
Adverse effects of VentolinTachycardia , dysrhythmias Restlessness Dizziness
What is the effect on MVO2 of Ventolinincreases MVO2
<25kg MDI -puffer- for VentolinDose: 600mcg Max SINGLE dose: 6 puffs Dosing interval: 5-15 prn Max # of doses: 3
<25kg NEB for VentolinDose: 2.5mg Max SINGLE dose: 2.5mg Dosing interval: 5-15prn Max doses: 3
Greater than >25kg MDI -puffer- for VentolinDose: 800mcg Max SINGLE dose: 8 puffs Dosing interval:5-15 prn Max # of doses: 3
>25kg NEB for VentolinDose: 5.0 mg Max SINGLE dose: 5.0mg Dosing interval: 5-15prn Max # of doses: 3
What are 3 S&S of toxicity for Ventolinincreased frequency of PVCs Hr >150, >200 in peds pt Severe tremors
what are the possible adverse effects of Ventolin when administered to PT with CHFWorsening SOB
one rule of VentolinAlways give full dosage!
Classification of Epinephrinesympathomimetic - alpha 1 agonist
Indications for EpinephrineBronchorestriction , anaphylaxis , croup
Contraindications for EpinephrineIF you have a PT who is 8 and you believe they have croup you cannot follow the croup protocol.
Onset and dosing intervals for Epinephrine5 - 15 IM 1 - 5 NEB Immediate IV
Possible side effects with EpinephrineTachycardia Palpitations Angina PVCs HTN
Epi for BronchoconstrictionRoute: IM Concentration: 1mg/ML= 1:1000 Max SINGLE dose: 0.5mg Dosing interval: N/A Max # of doses: 1
Epi for AnaphylaxisConcentration: 1mf/mL= 1:1000 Dose: 0.01mg/kg Max SINGLE dose: 0.5mg Dosing interval: 5 mins or less Max # of doses: 2 **MAY BE ROUNDED TO THE NEAREST 0.05** DIPHENHYDRAMINE SHOULD ALWAYS FOLLOW THE ADMINISTRATION
Epinephrine for Croup less than 1 YEARS OLD < 5KGAdministered: NEB Dose: 0.5mg Max SINGLE dose: 0.5mg+ 2 cc NS Max # of doses: 1
Epi for Croup <1 YEARS OLD >5kgAdministered: NEB Dose: 5.0mg Max SINGLE dose: 2.5mg Max # of doses: 1
Epi for Croup >1and <8 YEARS OLDAdministered: NEB Dose: 5.0mg Max SINGLE dose: 5.0mg Max # of doses: 1
What are the conditions a child must meet for Epinephrine<8 years old, HR >200bpm
What is the effect epinephrine on cellsdecrease histamine release/ stabilize cells
methods of administrating EpiNEB & IM
Classification for IbuprofenNSAID also Analgesic / antipyretic
Use for IbuprofenLimits prostaglandins and reduces inflammation, not recommended for kids under 6
Indications for IbuprofenPain/fever
Contraindications for IbuprofenNSAID use within 6 hours, allergy to it, PT on anticoagulant therapy , active bleed, hx of peptic ulcers/ GI bleed, pregnant , CVA or TBI in the last 24 hrs, active vomiting, LOA, ischemic chest pain
Onset and dosage intervals of IbuprofenOnset :30-60 mins Interval: only one dose
Side effects for IbuprofenElevate BP, can cause ulceration of perforation in the GI tract, fluid retention and edema
Classification of AcetaminophenAnalgesic, antipyretic
Uses for AcetaminophenLimits prostaglandins but does not reduce inflammation - easier on stomach, more geared toward pain relief
Contraindications for AcetaminophenAcetaminophen used within 4 hours, allergy, hx of liver disease, LOA, active vomiting, ischemic chest pain
Onset for AcetaminophenOnset 1 hour
Acetaminophen >12-17 years of ageAdministration: PO Dose: 500-650mg Max SINGLE dose: 650mg Dosing interval: N/A Max # of doses: 1
Acetaminophen >18 yearsAdministration: PO Dose: 960-1000mg Max SINGLE dose: 1000mg Dosing interval: N/A Max # of doses: 1
Ibuprofen >12 yearsAdministration: PO Dose: 400mg Max SINGLE dose: 400mg Dosing interval: N/A Max # of doses: 1
KetorolacAdministration: IM/IV Dose: 10-15mg Max SINGLE dose: 15mg Dosing interval: N/A Max # of doses: 1
Classification for Naloxone - NarcanNarcotic antagonist
Use for Naloxone - NarcanOpioid overdose
Indications for Naloxone - Narcanaltered LOA, respiratory depression, suspected opioid overdose, Inability to adequately ventilate
Contraindications for Naloxone - NarcanAllergy, uncorrected hypoglycaemia
Onset for Naloxone - NarcanOnset: 1 min
Conditions that must be met for Naloxone - Narcan>12 years of age Altered LOA <10 bpm
What drugs have specific vital sign parameters?Glucagon – BGL Epi – croup HR <200 Nitro – HR and Bp Ventolin – temperature Ketorolac - BP
Which drugs can only be given once ?ASA Ketorolac Acetaminophen Ibuprofen Dimenhydrinate Diphenhydramine
Which drug can be used to treat an obstructed airway (after a patch and with permission) ?Glucagon
Which drugs could be used with complaint of S.O.B. ?Epi Ventolin Oxygen Nitro
What is the first drug administered if the patient is apneic?Epinephrine
Which drugs are weight based for administration ?Epi Ventolin Glucagon Diphenhydramine Dimenhydrinate