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level: Making use of metals

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Making use of metals

QuestionAnswer
What is an ore?Rock containing a metal or metal compound from which the metal is extracted
How does method of extraction depend on its reactivity?The more the reactive the metal is the more stable the compound is, therefore more harder to extract the metal. Most unreactive metals such as silver and gold occur in the ore as elements, the ores of all the other metals contain metal compounds which have to reduced to get the metal Extraction being the strongest used to extract reactive metals. Metals less reactive than carbon, the ores can be heated with carbon/carbon monoxide where the carbon displaces the metal from its compound.
What are the three raw materials involved in the extraction of iron and why is each of them used ?Iron ore(Hematite)- Mainly iron(III) oxide with sand and other compounds mixed Limestone (CaCO3)-Used to remove the impurities Coke-this is made from coal(Almost pure carbon)
Give all the stages of the extraction of iron and what happens in each of those stagesCoke is burnt giving out heat Carbon reacts with oxygen to give Carbon Dioxide Carbon Monoxide is made The carbon dioxide reacts with more coke to give out carbon monoxide Iron(III) oxide is reduced Carbon monoxide reacts with iron ore giving liquid iron The limestone breaks down in the heat of the furnace Calcium oxide that forms reacts with impurities(Sand) which is mainly silicon dioxide(silica) to form Calcium silicate which forms slag Slag is used for road building Waste gases Carbon dioxide and Nitrogen
What is aluminium or called?Bauxite
What is done about aluminium oxides high melting point?Aluminium oxide is dissolved in molten cryolite which has a much lower melting point
At each electrode what happens during the extraction of aluminium?At the cathode Aluminium is reduced At the anode Oxygen is oxidized
State the properties of aluminium and how it makes aluminium usefulIts a good conductor of electricity- Used for electricity cables Drinking cans/Cooking foil - Non toxic, light, doesn't corrode Aeroplane manufacture- Low density, doesn't corrode, strong
Why do alloys have different physical features to that of the metals which are used to make the alloy?Since the atoms of the two metals form a lattice which will be different from the original metals. As the atoms in the lattice will be different sizes the layers of metal will not be able to slide past each other easily, therefore making it stronger.
Give places where mild steel might be used and whyFridge, washing machine, cars, ships, machinery Since it is hard and strong
Give places where stainless steel might be used and whyCutlery, surgical equipments Since its hard and doesn't rust
How does amount of carbon affect the strength of steel?Carbon makes steel stronger but too much makes it brittle and hard to shape
What metals are added with iron to make stainless steel?Nickel and chromium