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level: Special terms?

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Special terms?

QuestionAnswer
osseous tissueBone tissue
ossificationprocess of bone formation
osteoblastimmature bone cell
osteoclastbone cell that absorbs and removes bone tissue
osteocytebone cell
Articular cartilageThin layer of cartilage covering the surface of bones at a joint
calciumthe most abundant mineral in the body
Cancellous bonefound at the ends of long bones; porous or spongy bone
collagenstructural protein making up the white fibrous strands found in bone
compact bonehard, dense bone tissue that forms the outer layer of bone
diaphysisthe shaft of a long bone
endosteumthe inner lining of bone
epiphyseal plategrowth plate
epiphysiseach end of a long bone
medullary cavitycentral, hollow-out portion in the shaft of a long bone that contains yellow bone marrow
metaphysisthe flared potion of a long bone between the epiphyseal plate and diaphysis
periosteummembrane surrounding bone
red bone marrowfound in cancellous bone and is the site of hematopoiesis
yellow bone marrowfound in the diaphysis of bone and consists of fatty tissue
long bonethese bones are longer then they are wide.
short bonesthese bones are cuboidal
flat bonestwo sheets of compact bone that allow for protection
sesamoid bonessesamoid bones are small bones that are embedded in tendons
irregular bonesthey share traits with several categories
acetabulumcup-like depression in the pelvis that creates the hip joint
bone headrounded articular process separated from the shaft of the bone by a neck
condyleknuckle-like projections at the distal end of some long bones
foramena hole in bone that allows for the passage of nerves and vessels
olecranonbony process at the proximal end of the ulna
tuberclerounded process of many bones for the attachment of muscles and tendons
trochanterlarge, blunt, roughened process on the femur for the attachment of muscles and tendons
Tuberositysmall roughened process on many bones for the attachment of muscles and tendons
os penisbone found in the penis of some carnivores
achondroplasiahereditary condition in which the bones and cartilage of the limbs fail to grow to normal size
amputationremoval of a limb or other appendage
calcificationdeposit of calcium salts in tissue
crepitation; crepituscrackling sound produced by the grating of broken bones
decalcificationloss of calcium salts in bone and teeth
dislocationdisplacement of a bone from its joint
fracturesudden breaking of bone
herniation of IVDabnormal protrusion of an IVD into the neural cavity or spinal nerves
kyphosishunchback
laminectomyremoval of part of the vertebral arch to relieve pressure from ruptured IVD
lordosissway back
orthopedicbranch of surgery dealing with the skeletal system
osteoporosisdecreased bone density due to loss of bone tissue
reductioncorrection of a fracture
carpusjoint consisting of the carpal bones
femorotibial jointjoint between the femur and the tibia
tarsusthe hock
articulationwhere two or more bones come together; a joint
bursasac of fluid near a joint
ligamentconnective tissue that binds bone to bone
sutureline or site of union of adjoining bones of the skull; stitches to close deep wounds; line or site of union of adjoining bones
symphysisline or site of union in which two bones are united by fibrocartilage
synobial cavityspace between bones at a synovial joint which contains synovial fluid
synovial fluidviscous fluid within the synovial cavity that acts as a lubricant between bones.
synovial jointa freely movable joint
synovial membranemembrane lining the synovial cavity
tendonconnective tissue that binds muscle to bone
gaitmanner of walking
lame; lamenessincapable of normal locomotion
luxationdisplacement of bone from its joint
subuxationpartial displacement of a bone from its joint
ACLanterior cruciate ligament
CCLcranial cruciate ligament
cardiac musclestriated, involuntary muscle found in the heart
skeletal musclestriated,voluntary muscles attached to bones all over the body
visceral muscle; smooth musclesmooth,involuntary muscles responsible for the functioning of internal organs
abductionmovement AWAY from the midline of the body
adductionmovement TOWARD the midline of the body
extensionincreasing the angle between two bones at a joint
flexiondecreasing the angle between two bones at a joint
ambulatoryable to walk
atrophyno development due to a decrease from the normal cell size
fasciafibrous connective tissue that envelopes, separates, and supports the muscles
hyperplasiaincreased development due to an increase in cell membranes
hypertrophyexcessive development due to INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
hypoplasiaincomplete development due to decrease in cell numbers
laxitylooseness
myasthemia gravissyndrone of muscular weakness that is aggravated by activity and relieved by rest
myasthemiamuscle weakness
tenosynovitisinflammation of the tendon and tendon sheath
tetanycontinous muscle spasms
totusmuscle tone