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level: Chapter 18

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Chapter 18

QuestionAnswer
medium-energy/ medium velocity weaponshandguns, shotguns, low powered rifles (bullets, slugs, pellets) Handgun bullets - smaller and much slower (250 - 400 mps)
low-energy/ low velocity weaponsknives and arrows
high-energy/ high velocity weaponsassault rifles, hunting rifles slightly heavier bullet (600 - 1000 mps)
Cavitationthe outward motion of tissues due to a projectile's passage, resulting in a temporary cavity and vacuum
trajectorythe path a projectile follows
dragthe forces acting on a projectile in motion to slow its progress
how much greater is the kinetic energy of high-energy rifle bullet than medium- energy handgun bulletthree to nine times
high or medium velocity projectiles sets what?a portion of the semifluid body tissue in motion, creating a shock wave and temporary cavity
The region filled with disrupted tissues, some air, fluid, and debris in the projectile injury process, due to seriously damaged tissuepermanent cavity
The tissue structures that are very resilient and usually sustain the smallest amount of damage associated with the passage of a projectile are the:Lungs
Generally, 'burns' and tattooing around the entrance of a wound suggest use of a(n)gun at close range.
Exit wounds are frequently associated with:a blown-out appearance.
Due to a rifle bullet's centre of mass and energy, when it hits human tissue the bullet generally:rotates 180 degrees and continues to travel base first.
The damage done as the projectile strikes tissue, contuses, and tears that tissue is the:direct injury
Your patient has been shot in the chest with a handgun. Care would includehigh-concentration oxygen by nonrebreather mask, consideration of needle decompression for tension pneumothorax, preparation for endotracheal intubation if breathing becomes inadequate.
When arriving at the scene of a shooting or stabbing, your first priority is:your safety.
The appearance of the entrance wound caused by a bullet:may indicate signs of subcutaneous emphysema if the shot was fired at very close range.
When caring for a patient with a penetrating injury to the abdomen, keep in mind that:the bowel is very tolerant of compression and stretching.
ballisticsThe study of the characteristics of projectiles in motion and their effects on objects they strike
profilesize and shape of a projectile as it contacts a target; it is the energy exchange surface of the contact
factors in energy dissipationdrag, cavitation, profile, stability, expansion, shape
due to cavitation; depends on amount of energy transferred: space created behind the high-energy bullet as tissue move rapidly away from the bullets pathtemporary cavity
are that extends beyond the area of permanent injury; slow to heal, disrupted blood flow and infectionZone of injury
in penetrating neck wounds, air can enter into the external jugular vein resulting in whatpulmonary emboli
for scene assessmentensure police secured the scene before entering, look to make there is no weapons within reach of the PT, preserve crime scenes as much as possible