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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

QuestionAnswer
Colour change when alkene undergoes halogenation by bromine in non-aqueous medium (inert solvent)red to colourless (alkylbromide formed)
Colour change when alkene undergoes halogenation by chlorinepale gree to colourless
Colour change when alkene undergoes halogenation by bromine in aqueous medium (Br2 in water)yellow to colourless (halohydrin formed)
Colour change when alkene undergoes halogenation by iodine in non-aqueous mediumpurple to colourless (alkyliodide formed)
Colour change when alkene undergoes halogenation by iodine in aqueous mediumpurple to colourless (halohydrin formed)
Reaction mechanism for halogenation of alkeneselectrophilic addition
Alkanes can react with halogen in both light and darkFalse
Colour change and product observed in the oxidation of alkenes with cold, dilute potassium permanganatepurple to colourless, diol formed
Colour change and product(s) observed in the oxidation of alkenes using hot, cocnentrated potassium permanganate soluionpurple to colourless, depending on the structure of the alkene, ketones, aldehydes or carboxylic acids will be formed
What are some reducing agents used to stop ozonolysis of alkenes?Zn/H2O, Zn/CH3COOH, Zn/H2S, Fe/CH3COOH
Reagent used in conversion of alkyl halide to alcoholdilute NaOH under reflux
Reagent(s) used in conversion of alkyl halide to a nitrileNaCN or KCN in ethanol under reflux
Reagent used in elimination reaction of alkyl halides to form alkenesstrong base (eg. NaOH or C2H5ONa) in ethanol under reflux
Reagents used in the conversion of alcohols to alkyl chloridesSOCl2/reflux, PCl3(l)/RT, PCl5(s)/RT
Reagents used in the coversion of alchols to alkyl bromidesP(red) + Br2(l)/reflux
Reagents used in the conversion of alcohols to alkyl iodidesP(red) + I2(s)/reflux
The dehydration of an alcohol to produce and alkene (elimination of water) used what reagent?concentrated sulphuric acid under reflux
Colour change observed and conditions used in the oxidation of an alcohol to carboxylic acidK2Cr2O7/dil H2SO4 under reflux, orange to green OR KMnO4/dil H2SO4 under relfux, purple to colourless
Reagents used in limiting oxidation of alcoholscold KMnO4/dil H2SO4 pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) manganese dioxide (MnO2)
Regeant and conditions used in formation of an ester by a carboxylic acid (or its acyl halide) and alcoholconc H2SO4 (H+) under reflux (reflux not necessary when using acyl halide)
Reagent(s) used in complete reduction of carboxylic acid to parent alcoholLiAlH4/relfux or H2/Ni
Reagent(s) used in partial/selective reduction of carboxylic acid to aldehydeNaBH4 or Zn/CH3COOH
Regeant used in the hydrolysis of a nitrile to carboxylic aciddilute sulphuric acid under reflux
Reagent used in reduction of nitrile to amineLithium aluminium hydride under reflux or H2/Ni
Reagent used un conversion of carbonyl compound (aldehyde or ketone) to hydroxynitrileKCN or NaCN / dilute NaOH or dil H+
Reagent used in generation of amines from alkyl halide and ammoniaethanol/reflux
What compound is used in the synthesis of an amide from an acyl halide?NH3
How else can an amide be formed using an acyl halideAdd an amine to acyl halide
Reagent used in the reduction of an amide to it corresponding amineLithium aluminim hydride/relfux or H2/Ni
What is a Hoffman Degradation reactionA reaction where the carbon chain of the amide is shorten by one C (ie C=O removed and amine is formed)
Reagent used in reduction of nitro compounds to aminesSn/conc HCl