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level: Level 3 - Consolidation

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 3 - Consolidation

QuestionAnswer
Name some of the substances that are dissolved in plasma that flow into the glomerulus (5).Glucose
Name some of the substances that are filtered into the Bowman’s capsule (4).Glucose
Explain why proteins and cells are not found in the filtrate in the nephron.Too large to fit through the pores in the basement membrane.
What is the role of magnesium in plant cells? (3)- Make chlorophyll - Which absorbs light - More photosynthesis
Explain 3 responses to Hyperthermia. (6)- Sweating - increased heat loss through evaporation of water from skin - Hairs lie flat - removal of insulating layer - Vasodilation - blood vessels near skin surface dilate, resulting in more blood flow at surface of skin - more heat loss via radiation
Explain 3 responses to Hyperthermia. (6)- Shivering - movement, respiration, release of heat energy - Hairs stand on end - creates insulating layer of warm air - Vasoconstriction - blood vessels near skin surface constrict reducing blood flow - reducing heat loss by radiation
Explain the role of diffusion in gas exchange in humans.Oxygen from air in the lung diffuses into the blood along a concentration gradient. Similarly, carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood into the air in the lungs along a concentration gradient. Oxygen is needed for Respiration and carbon dioxide is a product.
Explain the role of diffusion in gas exchange in plants.Oxygen diffuses from the leaf, out of the stomata, into the air as it is produced in photosynthesis. Carbon Dioxide diffuses into the leaf along a concentration gradient to be used as a reactant in Photosynthesis. This only happens in the day. At night, there is a higher rate of respiration than photosynthesis so gas exchange reversed.
How is the structure of the leaf adapted to gas exchange?- Stomata - for diffusion to happen in and out of - Thin leaf - short diffusion distance - Spongy mesophyll - air space, provides large surface area of cells in contact with air.
Describe the role of stomata in gas exchange.Stomata allow gas exchange to occur, carbon dioxide to diffuse in and oxygen to diffuse out, along their respective concentration gradients.
When does Respiration occur in plants?All the time.
When does Photosynthesis occur in plants.Only when there is light.
What does Hydrogen-carbon indicator detect the presence of?Carbon Dioxide
What are the excretory products of the lungs?Carbon dioxide
What are the excretory products of the kidney?Water
What are the excretory products of the skin?Water
What are the two functions of the kidneys?Osmoregulation & Excretion
Why is glucose reabsorbed back into the blood in the proximal convoluted tubule?This is the first opportunity and we want to get all the glucose back into the blood.
How is ADH used in osmoregulation?- Hypothalamus detects solute concentration in the blood. - Pituitary gland will secrete more or less ADH. - Solute concentration high = more ADH released = conservation of water = more permeability to water in nephron. - Solute concentration low = less ADH released = lower conservation of water = less permeability to water in nephron.