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level: Level 1 Anatomy

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 Anatomy

QuestionAnswer
The parotid lymph node in ruminantsit is partially covered by the parotid, but can be surpassed rostrally
The mandibular lymph node in bullsit can be felt through the soft tissue of the neck
The ventral superficial cervical lymph nodes (prescapular) in ruminants:are palpable in the cervicoscapular groove
In swine, the mandibular lymph center:also includes accessory mandibular lymph nodes
In swine, the thoracic limb lymph center comprises:axillary lymph nodes of the first rib
In swine, intercostal lymph nodes:are missing
In swine, ventral thoracic lymph center:are represented only by the cranial sternal lymph nodes
In ruminants, the parietal lymph centers of the thoracic cavity:do not include intercostal lymph nodes
Caudal mediastinal lymph nodes in ruminants:are elongated and located dorsal to the esophagus and ventral aorta
Eparterial lymph nodes (cranial tracheo-bronchial) are found:at the origin of the tracheal bronchus
The ileofemoral lymph nodes in ruminants:is placed on the external iliac artery
Lymph nodes found specifically in pigs are:testicular and phrenico-abdominal lymph nodes
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes are arranged:caudal to the base of the udder
The popliteal lymph center in pigs:includes superficial popliteal lymph nodes and deep popliteal lymph nodes
The inguinal region has an anatomical basis in:superficial inguinal ring
The superficial inguinal ring represents:an elliptical slot in the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle of the abdomen
In general, the inguinal traject is delimited cranially by:the lateral face of the internal oblique muscle of the abdomen
Vaginal ring:is the deep inguinal ring lined by the transverse fascia and peritoneum
Testicular artery:is extremely flexible at the level of the pampiniform plexus
External pudendal artery of the horse:it ends with the abdominal subcutaneous artery and the cranial artery of the penis
The tendonous synovial sheath used by the deep digital flexor at the level of the metacarpo sesamo phalangian joint:it is separated proximally from the recessus of the metacarpo sesamo falangian joint by the tendon of the median interosseous muscle
The distal reccesus of the great sesamoidian sheath:has a palmar protrusion between the superficial flexor insertions and the fascia that strengthens the palmar aponeurosis
The great glenoidal burelet:is inserted wide on the intermediate phalanx
The proper, lateral and medial digital arteries in the equine:ends inside the distal phalanx through the terminal arch
The lateral and medial digital veins are formed by the convergence of 3-4 veins in equines:detached from superficial and deep cartilaginous venous plexuses
The palmar digital nerve:is located caudal to the digital artery
White line:marks on the solar face the place where the hoof wall meets the sole
Perioplic burelet:is situated dorsally to the cutidural burelet
The cutidural burelet:determines the increase in the length of the hoof wall
Keraphillum (Lamellae epidermales):is generated by the podophyllous tissue
Complementary fibrocartilage:come in contact through the deep face with the recessuses of the distal interphalangeal joint
During the operation of the inflammed complementary fibrocartilage of the hoof:the distal interphalangeal joint must be in forced extension
External layer of the straight abdominal muscle in the equine:it results from the interposition of the aponeuroses of the external and internal oblique muscles of the abdomen
Anastomotic arch performed by the cranial and caudal epigastric artery:is placed at the latero-dorsal edge of the straight muscle of the abdomen
Abdominal subcutaneous vein:is continued with the internal thoracic vein in calves
Iliohypogastric nerve:emits on the path branches for transverse muscles of the abdomen, right abdomen, internal oblique of the abdomen
The ilioinguinal nerve:through the ventral branch ends at the scrotum or at the skin of the udder
The subcutaneous abdominal vein in equines:discharges into the accessory pudendal vein
External pudendal artery:can be dissected at the caudal-medial commissure of the superficial inguinal ring
The portal vein in equines:has the roots of the cranial mesenteric vein, the caudal mesenteric vein and the splenic vein
The left gastroepiploic arteryrepresents the continuation of the splenic artery
The gastro-duodenal arteryit ends with the right gastro-epiploic artery and the cranial pancreatico-duodenal artery
left bundle of the cranial mesenteric arteryis represented by 18-20 jejunal arteries
The caudal pancreato-duodenal arteryrepresents the indirect branch of the first jejunal artery
The ventral colic artery:engages on the small curvature of the 1st and 2nd segment of the ascending colon
The anterior fascicle of the cranial mesenteric artery:is the common trunk of the right colic artery and the middle colic artery
The cranial rectal artery:represents the last direct branch of the caudal mesenteric artery
At the inner face of the hypochondrium, under the parietal serosa can be found:the musculo phrenical artery and vein
The dorsal limit of the thoracic cavity in equines is represented by:the line joining the tuberosity of the scapular spine with the cranial angle of the paralumbar fossa
The ventral limit of the projection of the liver on the left in the equine is:the horizontal line that passes equal distance between the coxal tuberosity and the patella
The position of the head of the cecum:on the right side, at the level of the paralumbar fossa
The bovine cecum is situated:on the right side, at the level of the the chord of the flank
In the canidae, the anatomical position of the heart is described as:on the left, between ribs 3-7
In the canidae the stomach is positioned:on the left side, between ribs 7-11
The flank region:in cattle it is wide
The following statement about the flank region is not true:the division of the region into the paralumbar fossa, rope and slope of the flank is not specific for the ungulates
In the flank region:at the level of subcutaneous connective tissue the dorsal branches of the lumbar nerves appear at the tip of the lumbar transverse processes
The interfascial connective tissue from the flank region:vascular formations (descending branch of the deep iliac circumflex artery) are found
The distal recessus of the great synovial sheath (great sesamoidian sheath) has a palmar protrusion between:superficial flexor insertions and fascia (aponevrosis) that strengthens palmar aponeurosis
The proximal branch of the palmar ramus of the proximal phalangeal artery supplies the:synovial membrane of the interphalango-sesamoidian (fetlock) joint
.In cow, caudally of the base of the udder, are placed:superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Keraphillum (Lamellae epidermales) is generated by:podophillum (Lamellae dermales)
The ligament of ergot are located on the lateral sides of:fascia of the chusion
Complementary fibrocartilage is found to the lateral and medial side of:bulbs of the chusion
The bars of the hoof are on the lateral margin of:collateral groove (lateral gap)
Nails can be used to secure a horseshoe:outside the white line
Between the white line and the body of the frog is:the body of the sole
The fibrous sheath of the digit is inserted through two pairs of bridle on:extremities of the first phalange
The most superficial of the sesamoidian ligaments is the:straight sesamoidian
At the boundary between the skin and the horn of the hoof is found:perioplic burelet
The cutidural burelet generates:the horn of the wall without the periopla (Perioplum) and the keraphillum (Lamellae epidermales)
The middle shield is:the great glenoidal burelet
The coronary artery of the distal phalanx is arises from:the dorsal artery of the proximal phalanx
The insertion point of the deep flexor is:on the palmar face of the middle phalanx
The white line is formed:at the place of engagement of the sole with the solar edge of the wall
Podophyllous lamellae (Lamellae dermalis):are less common in the heels region
Testicular artery (internal spermatic artery):is detached from the abdominal aorta
The cremasteric artery (small testicular artery, external spermatic artery):in the equine it is detached from the external iliac artery near the origin
Which statement regarding the testicular cord is true:it consists of the vasculo-nervous fascicle and the deferent duct connected by the mesorchium
Periopla (Perioplum) is generated by:no answer is correct
The splenic artery in equines results in the:branches for the left half of the large curvature of the stomach
Celiac artery in equines:has three terminal arteries
The middle rectal artery:comes from the prostate artery in the male
The renal arteries are collateral vessels of the abdominal aortic artery arising from:caudal region of the cranial mesenteric artery
In equines, the cecal artery:bifurcates into the lateral cecal artery and medial cecal artery
The middle layer of the hoof wall:is generated by the cutidural burelet (Dermis coronae)
The deep layer of the hoof wall:consists of primary epidermal lamella and secondary epidermal lamella
Podophyllous lamellae (Lamellae dermales):are arranged parallel with the keraphyllous lamellae (Lamellae epidermales)
The sole:has horn softer than the level of the wall of the hoof
The corneous layer of the sole is produced by:the velutous tissue of the sole (Dermis soleae)
Palmar chusion:is in contact with the palmar face of the aponeurosis that reinforces the palmar aponeurosis
The fascia of the chusion is positioned:between the skin and the postsesamo-phalangeal fascia
The coronary groove:offers a place of support for the cutidural burelet (Dermis coronae)
The anterior portion of the wall of the hoof:it is called the toe (Pars dorsalis)
Branches of the frog:they are divergent in the caudal direction
The chord of the flank:represents the part of the internal oblique muscle of the abdomen that is inserted cranially on the last rib
The endoabdominal fascia from the flank region:is a connective, thin sheet, which adheres tightly to the inner face of the transversus abdominis
In swine the caudal commissure of the superficial inguinal ring:it is placed very close to the pubic arch
Vaginal ring:results from the lining of the deep inguinal ring by the transverse fascia and peritoneum
The vaginal process (vaginal tunic):it is covered on the external face by the external cremaster muscle