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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

QuestionAnswer
Fossils are predominantly found in ____sedimentary rocks
Fossilized wood and bone fragments can be accurately aged using ____Carbon-14
The fourteen species of finches native to the Galápagos Islands ____, and therefore illustrate adaptive radiation.evolved from a single common ancestor
The potential seventh mass extinction refers to ____the rapid loss of biodiversity due to human degradation of the environment
Female fireflies identify males by their flashing patterns, which are often so complicated that signals sent by one species cannot be understood by another species. This reproductive isolating mechanism is called ____behavioral isolation
To distinguish two organisms using the morphological species concept, a scientist would ____look at the appearance of two organisms
Analysis of human chromosome 2 reveals that it was produced by the ____ that are still present in our closest ancestral ape relatives.fusion of two smaller chromosomes
Which combination is an example of prezygotic mechanisms of isolation?mechanical and temporal isolation
Over time, the carbon isotope 14C decays into ____14N
The phylogenetic species concept looks at ____morphology and genetic data
Postzygotic isolating mechanisms occur when the offspring ____inherit different developmental instructions from each parent
To answer questions about the genetic changes underlying speciation, scientists are now isolating and sequencing ____speciation genes
A zebroid is the sterile hybrid offspring of a horse and a zebra. This is an example of ____hybrid sterility
allopolyploidytwo closely related species hybridize and form polyploid offspring
phylogenetic species conceptspecies comprise populations that share a recent evolutionary history on the Tree of Life
subspecieslocal variants of a species that exhibit dramatic, easily recognized phenotypic differences
biological species conceptspecies are members of natural populations that interbreed and produce fertile offspring
autopolyploidychromosome duplications within a single species give rise to polyploid individuals
morphological species conceptall individuals of a species share measurable traits that distinguish them other species,
species clustera group of closely related species recently descended from a common ancestor
Allopatric speciation typically occurs in two stages. The first stage is ____ of two populations and the second stage is ____geographic separation; reproductive isolation
The biological species concept emphasizes the ability of individuals to ____interbreed and produce fertile offspring
The radioactive decay of carbon-14 can be used to determine ____absolute dating
The marsupial mammals of Australia and the placental mammals of North America include many pairs of morphologically convergent species.True
Speciation that takes place when a physical barrier subdivides a large population is called ____ speciation.allopatric
A small population isolated at the edge of a species’ geographic distribution may experience ____ and genetic drift, which may lead to the evolution of distinctive traits by ____a founder effect; natural selection
Abrupt genetic changes that quickly lead to the reproductive isolation of a group of individuals will likely lead to ____sympatric speciation
On the Hawaiian Islands, speciation in Drosophila occurred when a small group of males and females colonized a new island, where they faced environmental selection pressures. In addition, sexual dimorphism – and therefore, sexual selection – maintained reproductive isolation from other populations on the new island. These populations, although closely related, remained ecologically different. These events are examples of ____a founder effect, genetic drift, and adaptive radiation
A paleontologist estimates that when a particular rock formed, it contained 12 mg of the radioactive isotope potassium-40, which has a half-life of 1.25 billion years. The rock now contains 3 mg of the isotope. About how old is the rock?2.5 billion years
Which group of animals are living representatives of the theropods, a lineage of bipedal predatory dinosaurs?birds
ecological isolationspecies live in different habitats
temporal isolationspecies breed at different times
behavioral isolationspecies cannot communicate
mechanical isolationspecies cannot physically mate
gametic isolationspecies have nonmatching receptors on gametes
hybrid inviabilityhybrid offspring do not complete development
hybrid sterilityhybrid offspring cannot produce gametes
hybrid breakdownhybrid offspring have reduced survival or fertility