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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

QuestionAnswer
Natural selection results in ____adaptation
The development of penicillin-resistant bacteria represents an example of ____microevolution
If there are two alleles for a gene in a population, and the frequency of the dominant allele (p) is .5, then the frequency of the recessive allele (q) is ____.5
In an isolated population of fruit flies, 4 percent of the individuals have pink eyes, a homozygous recessive condition, and 96 percent have the dominant black eye phenotype. What percentage of the population are heterozygotes?32%
The only survivors of a colony on Venus are a man and a woman, who both happen to originally be from southern Ukraine. Their descendants will show the effect of ____genetic drift
Which of the following evolution-related events are in the correct cause-and-effect sequence?mutation → variation → natural selection → adaptation → speciation
Stabilizing selection reduces genetic and phenotypic variation and increases the frequency of intermediate phenotypesTrue
Andrew P. Hendry and colleagues discovered that Galápagos ground finches with small bills and ground finches with large bills were more common and had higher fitness than birds with bills of intermediate size, a demonstration of ____ selection.disruptive
The contribution an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation compared to the contributions of other individuals is called ____relative fitness
What is the most accurate definition of microevolution?heritable changes in the genetics of a population
With frequency-dependent selection, ____ has the highest rate of survival and reproduction.a less common phenotype
Changing environmental conditions would most likely cause an existing species to undergo ____directional selection
The shoulder joint in birds, which is essential for flight, may first have appeared in dinosaurs as an adaptation for capturing prey. This is an example of _____a trait that evolved for one purpose, then proved adaptive for another purpose
The agent of microevolutionary change that is most likely to introduce genetic variation from another population is referred to as ____gene flow
Answer the questions using the accompanying figure. Match each letter of the figure with the appropriate mode of natural selection. Directional SelectionA
Answer the questions using the accompanying figure. Match each letter of the figure with the appropriate mode of natural selection. Disruptive SelectionC
Answer the questions using the accompanying figure. Match each letter of the figure with the appropriate mode of natural selection. Stablizing SelectionB
Knowing that each diploid organism has one copy of each gene, a scientist can calculate the relative abundances of the different alleles in a population.False
The accumulation of traits that increase the relative fitness of organisms in their environment over time results in ___adaptation
According to the Hardy Weinberg principle, microevolution occurs when ____a population experiences a shift in allele frequencies
q^2frequency of homozygous recessive genotypes
p+qthe total gene pool for a gene with two alleles
p^2frequency of homozygous dominant genotypes
2pqfrequency of heterozygotes
qfrequency of the recessive allele
pfrequency of the dominant allele
Natural selection exerts little or no effect on traits that appear during an individual’s ____postreproductive life
Natural selection acts upon the ____ to create microevolutionary change.phenotype of an individual organism
Which circumstance violates the conditions of the Hardy Weinberg model?Nonrandom mating with respect to genotypes occurs between individuals.
Most new alleles probably arise from ____.small-scale mutations in DNA
Genetic drift will have a progressively larger impact on allele frequencies in a population as ____population size decreases
Natural SelectionDifferential survivorship or reproduction of individuals with different genotypes
Gene flowChange in allele frequencies as individuals join a population and reproduce
Mutationheritable change in DNA
nonrandom matingchoice of mates based on their phenotypes and genotypes
genetic driftrandom changes in allele frequencies caused by chance events