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World Religon Hinduism


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World Religion based on the Numbers
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Christinaty:32% Islam 25% Hindu 15% Unafillted 15% Buddhism 6% Folk Religion 5.8% Judaism 0.2%

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World Religion based on the Numbers
Christinaty:32% Islam 25% Hindu 15% Unafillted 15% Buddhism 6% Folk Religion 5.8% Judaism 0.2%
Hindu Historical Background
Sanskrit From Indus River Those who lived in indus valley,later for those who weren’t christian or muslim Oldest Religion to human kind No originator No Dateable begining Aryan invader it existed they practiced t
Historic Period of Hinduism
Aryan Religion:Sacrifice Vedic Era(veda and Upanishads):one reality Upanishadic period:mediation and philosophy Post Vedice Era:continuing growth of hinduism
How hindu got created from a hindu
3,000 years ago India Collection Maintained the highest spirituality for forming deeds and social norm Attman four ways to get their
Hindu Creation?
Their is no single creation but periodics Starts with a snake and vishnu sports brama with a flower,can’t tell him to do create the world,meditaion The sacrum om splits lotus in 3 heaven,earth,sky Brama wants more species male and female for sons,half man and women create a calf,horse
Key Characterics of Hinduism
Assimilation:the process of which one group takes on the religious culture of another group Sycrentism:the blending of religious practices or cultures
Sacred Scripture
Shruti(heard):primary scripture,vedic scripture,dealing with cosmic and eternal principles Smruti(rembember):the great epics such as ramayand and mahabharata,particula application of eternal principles
Vedas
Foundation scripture of hindu Eternal truth from great Sages Classigication of vedas: Rig-general knowledge Yagur-knowlege of action Saam-knowlege of worship Atharva-Knowlege of science
Classification of Shruti
Mantra Braahmana Aaranyaka Upanishad
Upinshads
Metaphysical Discussion Encourage questions
Sin Specipic Periods
Panths Puranas Agamas Upavedas Darshanas Venangas Ithas Dharm Shastras
Sacred Writings
Vedas(oldest vast collection):Upanishads(philosphy) Ramayana:defines the laws of dharma and duties Mahabarata:13 volumes,longest epic,15 time longer then bible(bhagvad gita is most sacred) The laws of manu dealing with dharma Hindu epics basic of hindu religious
Ramayana
Love story sita and rama(king),contest to win for sita and string a giant bow he wins.12 years later and sir surpeans, he is exiled to the forest and with his bow demon,Ravana capture sita,monkey kingdom mourning his lover,hanuma monkey god flies to lanka and tells rama where he is,faitfulnes sita they live dharma.
Mahabharta
Bhadgavad gita main story Story of krishma(charioter/teach him/vishnu) and arjuna(prince) battle,wanting to understand human life and bases him on dilemma Dilema he has to fight in the battle both side are friends and family turns to krishnu. What should he do:follow the path of duty is to fight,go into battle and be a faithful solider no will be eternal slaying
Gitas Message
Life does not last neither does death We create meaning,by giving hape to emptiness Right and wrong Create our truth and let us define us
Krishna’s teaching
Birth and Death:Cetain things to happen Etenal soul:you have something is eternal all exist never die Look within:truth is within
Panthesim in Hinduism
God divinity in all things All things are part of the cosmic divine force
Brahamen(suprememe essence of the universal divine consciousness)
Oneness and absolute Brahman has no form Unkowable and supreme reality Only known through gods Non personal god Atman is one with brahman
Atman
The individual soul which keeps being reincarnated
Maya
Illusion:we are concious of the fact we are one brahaman
Samsara
To wonder aross the attman move along to one body from a next,endless cycle of reincarnation cycle
Moshka
Escape from samsara this going on release cycle
Karma
Law of consequence with this life and other Comic las of cause and effects Determines next incarnation
Enlightment
The process by which one may escape maya and discover one’s true ones and identity
Gods of Hinduism
Brahama(creator god,4 face,arms Shiva(god of destruction.cosmic dance,destroys and recrates life,wife is paravathi concert of kali,many women vishnu(preserver god,wife faithful lakshmi not faithful,god of love)10 incarnations
Avatars of Vishnu(incarnation)
Matsya Koorma Varaha Narasimha Vamana Rama Balarama Krishna Parsuruma Kalki
Krishna
Incarnation of vishnu Lover,practical trickster,playful Sensual lover Seducer of wives and daughters
What about Godesses
Devi-the feminine divine Parvati-divine mother wife of shava
Shatki
Female divine force Mother goddesses Every god has shakti Also worhsiped as devi
Lakshmi
Wife of vishnu Devoted wife Fertility and fortune goddess
Kali
Goddess uses her love to take away darknes and demonic forces and impurities Consorts of shiva
Rama
Ideal man Perfect son,brother,husband,friend and king Embodiment of dharma
Hanuman
Monkey deity head of monkey and body Shiva reincarnation fly Can be large or small Devoted to ram Worships on tuesday and sometime saturdays Power of devotion Story:rescuing sita by turning into mouse,saved the wounded should mokshwana flew he picked the mountain the herb
Ganesha
Told him to stay outside for a bath,shiva had been gone that ganesha didn’t recognize him he and in the battle caught his head of the next animal to elephant hair God of success,remove obstcacle Son of shiva and parviti Worship like cross your arms and he is funny
Gods are worshipped through representive
Variety:Devas(gods),devis(godess),minor deities(devatas) Guru:spirital teacher Monarch,family elders,cow,nature
Humans are manifest forms
Divine Spiritual being with human experience
Hindu Time
Time as endless cycles First world of peace and abudunc(brahama) Decays world,despite vishnu on human behalf Corrupt is destroyed by shiva,recration
Four yogas
Karma yoga:action through selfless service(releaseas karma) Juana yoga:path of knowledge(true nature,self) Raja yoga:mediation Bhakti yoga:devotion
Worship terms(temple or home)
Bhakti:devotion (to specific deity) Set a room for shin,then bath and incest Puja-worship(offering and rituals) Prasada-within divine your own eating food is blessed as eaten with divine
Shrine or deity in home
Image of deity,food,inense and offering at the shrine
Worship at a sacred image(murti)
Darsen(act of seeing the deity),interlocking great blessing 19th century refor movement opposed Darshan is core of worship at the temple
Daily Week Prayers
Sunday-sun god Monday-lord shiva Tuesday-lord hanuman Wednesday-lord krishna Thursday-lord dakshinamurthy Friday-godess lakshmi Saturday-lor balaji Everyday:gayatri mantra
HIndu practice arise from four traditions
Verdic tradition Ascetic tradition:monk and guru from indulgence Popular culture traditions:diets and astrology Devotion tradition:specific god
Death
Reincarnation Death only the body dies Atman livins in successive bodies until moska At death,cremated body Death is not final,reborn many times
Family life
Extend family-society 3 or 4 generation live together Women-donestic responsi;ies Men-income Elder-make decision Property father from son Men-decision old ladies influential Women join husband Hindu scripture defined Children are expected to repay them Marriage-social and religion obligation
Transcental mediation
Importance disciple for enlightment Maharishi Mahesh Yogi and beetles for a while,george became a hindu.bettle brought light Goal:Empty the mind ot thought Spirtual mediation i teach the same thing as jesus to be taught and still to be god human
Aum or om
Sacred symbol of brahman More primal then speech Divine oneness sybol
Yoga
Physical and mental discipl to achieve a state of spirital suprerconciusness Breathing exercise to center one with the self and with universe
Purity vs pollunts
Involves personal cleanliness Ritual bathing Affects worship and social cast Caste is lower if work involves pollutant Use right hand
Person purifcation
Vegiternian Respect for life and dead Reverence for animals What about doctor is saving dosen’t pollute Person worship:purfication of body Ganges river:sacred,cleanse soul,cures disease
Karma and caste system
Karma determine society Vedic hyme social order reflected on parusha
Four major castes or varna
Brahmins-priests and philosophers kshatriyas-nobilty ,warrior,vassal Vaishaya:farmer and merchants Shudras-manuel labors and aristians Dalit(untouchable-polluted) Women:identity as daughter,wife,mother casye Lighter upper
Festivals
Close to god and renew personal life Victory of godod over evil Each month has one festival and regional festival Maha kumb mela:largest,heavenly nectar lord vishnu drops four on different and the pilgrimage of four and they have 2013 had 110 million to bath,necter cleanse your lifetime 88 gejneration
Guru
Spiritual teacher,oral on veda Itnelte guru
Four stages of life
Celibate student stage,married householder,forest dweller(retirement),sanyas stage(renoucer begging liberation)pass only three
Folk Religon
Nature-sun festival worship Rivers to be sacred wash imputed Tress made into shrines as divine Images Holy human being-saint
Rites of passage
16 Change a person identity Purify the soul Ritual of sacred thread to a boy to man gives eating with women
India
Town to cities,nuclear family gaining Middle class
Valuable insights from hinduism
Respect for life and nature Virtue:restraint,genorosity,compassion Worth extended family Devotion to religious practice Diversity and complexity karma(extends next incarnation) Life is a journey seeing spiritual truth High ethic standards and practice(vamas and niyamas
Hindu tolerance
They believe all religions are the same Tolerant Hindu rituals are different addictive,fear of god Prabhupada deathbed confession:fallen short he is divine of sinfulness and our guilt
Christian exclusive
1 savior Sin and its affect Cross and christ atonement Faith in chritst alone as savior
Major difference with christanity
Panthestic not theistic Escape rather then fullfillment Lacks grace or atonement,a religion of human works All relgion are pathawy to god and salvation Sycrentism many ideas View of death (reincanation) Christan faith facts of sin,c ross and resurction 2nd coming
Hindu Creation myth
Brahama is the universe is we live in,life forms 8.3 billion human year Universe created out of from his body
The three das(main virtues)
Damayata(restraint and self control), datta(genorsity) and dayyadvhum(compassion)
The 20 ethical guidlines
Yamas(don’t):No harming others,no decieving,stealing,no lust,no impatient,no wavering fom goals,no cruel,no dishonest,no intemperate,no impure Niyamas(do):Remorse,content,genorous,cultivate faith,devotion,scripture,spirtual will and intellect,honor religious vows,holy mantra,auserity and self deniel
Chanting of Om
Sound of brahman or close verbal expression of brahman Those who chant will be freed from karma Esscence Rig:Speech, Sam:breath,Udgitha:syllabal After threefold knowledge and threefold sacrafice
Karma
We are affected from prior deeds Work of self Man get’s life to be what fated is
Universal Self
Only self what should i fear? Create men and women Worship self for brahman No worshiping other deity
Historically Hindu
Dravidiana culture earlier hindu practices Aryans brought vedas
Vedic Religion
Sacrafice Drank soma the medicine of immortality Manta linking heaven and earth Agni the god of fire is link between heaven and earch Shiva trident represent threefold quantity First sound of creation om Cult of shiva:pati(god),pasu(indivual soul),pasa(bonds tha confine to soul to earthly existence),yoga and renicarniation many hold ma
Mother Godess (Mahadevi)
Encompass many small dietties Argiculture and Fertility Texts in Tantra