Veterinary Embryology 8.6
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Veterinary Embryology 8.6 - Marcador
Veterinary Embryology 8.6 - Detalles
Niveles:
Preguntas:
128 preguntas
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| From what structure does the Embryo Proper develop? | Embryonal Disc (central part) |
| What structure connects the fetal membranes to the surrounding fetal membranes and placenta? | Umbilical chord |
| Name the 10 steps of the Development of the Body Form | 1) Cylindrical Body Formation; 2) Formation of the Chorion & Amnion; 3) Futher Development of the Nervous System; 4) Initial Development of the Cardio-Vascular System; 5) Further Development of the Digestive System; 6) Initial Development of the Urogenital System; 7) Further Development of the Trunk; 8) Further Development of the Head; 9) Formation of the Tail; 10) Formation of the Limbs |
| Embryonic Folding | Embryo changes shape from a flat trilaminar disc to a cylinder |
| Embryonic Folding Occurs in the _____ and _____ Planes. | Horizontal; Median |
| Embryonic folding in the median plane leads to the development of the _____ and _____ folds | Cranial; Caudal |
| What structure ruptures at the end of the fourth week of development to form the mouth? | Oropharyngeal Membrane |
| What structure is formed at the connection between the Midgut and the Yolk Sac? | Vitelline Duct (Narrow Tube) |
| What structure temporarily closes the hindgut at the caudal end? | Cloacal Membrane |
| What body folds are involved in the formation of the head? | Ventral merging of the head Folds with the most cranial sections of the Lateral Folds |
| Cephalic Flexure | Ventral deflection of the head process Caused by the the dorsal aspect of the head growing more rapidly than the ventral aspect |
| What body folds are involved in the formation of the tail bud? | Ventral merging of the Tail Folds with the most caudal sections of the Lateral Folds |
| Pre-enteron | Foregut |
| Metenteron | Hindgut |
| Mesenteron | Midgut |
| The _____ _____ assists in the advancement of the head fold. | Cephalic Flexure |
| Name the 2 structures involved in the formation of the Foregut (Pre-enteron)? | Head Fold; Cephalic Flexure |
| Name the 2 structures involved in the formation of the Hindgut (Metenteron)? | Tail fold; Sacral Flexure |
| Where does the lateral body folds develop? | In the Somatopleure, on either side of the embryo |
| Name the 2 structures that are involved in the formation of the Midgut (Mesenteron)? | Lateral Body Folds Dorsal portion of the Yolk Sac. |
| The _____ mesoderm of the four body folds (head, tail, 2x lateral) fuses with the _____ mesoderm to form the _____ _____. | Somatic Splanchnic Umbilical Chord |
| What structure separates the endo- and exocoelom? | Umbilical Chord |
| Somatic Mesoderm of the Umbilical Chord is surrounded by a layer of ectoderm that continues proximally with the _____ of the embryo, and distally with the _____. | Ectoderm Trophoblast |
| Name the 4 structures that the early umbilical chord consists of. | Vitelline Duct Blood Vessels Splanchnic Mesoderm Somatic Mesoderm |
| Describe formation of the Ventral Body Wall Cranial to the Umbilical Chord. | Merging of the head fold and two lateral body folds ventral to the primitive gut. After fusion the ventral body wall consists of ectodermal and somatic mesodermal layers. |
| Describe formation of the Ventral Body Wall caudal to the Umbilical Chord. | Merging of the tail fold and two lateral body folds ventral to the primitive gut. After fusion the ventral body wall consists of ectodermal and somatic mesodermal layers. |
| Name the structure that runs continuously with the outer lamina of the chorioamniotic folds? | Trophoblast |
| Name the structure that runs continuously with the inner lamina of the chorioamniotic folds? | Somatopleure surrounding the umbilical chord |
| The prosencephalon develops to form the two cerebral hemispheres of the _____, and the centrally placed diencephalon | Telencephalon; Diencephalon |
| Name the ventricles of the Prosencephalon | Lateral ventricles of the Cerebral Hemispheres and the Third Ventricle of the DIencephalon |
| Name the structure that connects the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle | Mesencephalic Aqueduct |
| Name the structures that make up the Rhombencephalon (including their substructures) | Metencephalon (Cerebellum and Pons) Myelencephalon (Medulla Oblongata) |
| Name the Ventricle of the Rhombencephalon | Fourth Ventricle |
| When does the embryo obtain its C-shape? | When the four flexures are maximally developed. Approximately day 20 |
| Name the 4 flexures. | Cephalic Cervical Dorsal Sacral |
| From what coelom does the Pleural and Pericardial cavaties develop? | Pleuropericardial Coelom |
| Describe the formation of the pleuropericardial coelom. | Internal delamination of the mesoderm peripheral to the developing head region. |
| What structure prevents the pleuropericardial coelom of expanding? | Solid wall of unsplit metoderm (connecting the soma- and splanchnopleure) |
| Name the structure from which the heart develops. | Cardiogenic Plate (delaminated mesoderm) |
| The unsplit mesodermal plate just in front of the cardiogenic plate will later form the _____ _____. | Septum transversum |
| The transverse septum lies caudo-dorsal to the apex of the _____ _____, caudal to the developing _____ and ventral to the _____. | Pleuropericardial coelom Heart Pre-enteron (Foregut) |
| The liver will be formed as an evagination of the _____ and will grow into the _____ _____. | Duodenum Septum Transversum |
| The Septum Transversum will form part of the _____ to which the _____ will remain attached by ligaments | Diaphragm Liver |
| The _____ is initially the most prominent organ, but later the _____ becomes the more prominent. | Heart Liver |
| A shallow cleft between the heart and liver bulges indicates the position of the future _____. | Diaphragm |
| What structure forms the rostro-ventral border of the pre-enteron? | Oropharyngeal Membrane (Formerly the prechordal plate) |
| The stomodeum is formed ventral to the _____, it is bounded rostrally by the _____ _____, laterally by the _____ primordia, and caudally by the _____ bulge. | Oropharyngeal Membrane Head Process Jaw Cardiac |
| How is the proctodeum formed? | Anal hillocks develop on either side of the anus forming the anal canal |
| Between what 2 structures does the Labio-scrotal swellings and Genital Tubercule (Phallus) develop? | Urogenital Opening Umbilicus |
| Name the structure that connects the distal saccular portion of the allantois to the metenteron? | Allantoic Duct |
| From what structure does the urinary bladder develop? | Proximal portion of the allantoic duct (Urachus) |
| Name the structures that the umbilical cord consists of. | Vitelline Duct Paired Vitelline arteries and veins (for as long as the yolk sac persists) Allantoic Duct Paired Umbilical arteries and veins |
| The facial skeleton, which supports the rostral _____ and _____ _____, originates from _____ _____ _____ with contributions from the _____ _____. | Pre-enteron Respiratory tract Paryngeal arch Mesoderm Neural Crests |
| What structure forms the future optic nerve? | Optic Stalk |
| What structure gives rise to the adenohypophysis? | Rathke's Pouch |
| Where does Rathke's pouch develop? | In the roof of the stomodeum, just rostral to the oropharyngeal membrane. It grows to-wards the mid-brain where it will give rise to the adenohypophysis. |
| Seessel's pouch develops in the roof of the _____, just caudal to the _____ _____. | Pharynx Oropharyngeal membrane |
| Rupture of the oropharyngeal membrane establishes communication between the _____ _____ and _____. | Oral cavity Pharynx |
| Name the pharyngeal pouch that never reaches the ectoderm. | Pharyngeal Pouch IV |
| Name the 3 tissues that are developed from each pharyngeal arch. | Cartilage Blood vessel (aortic arch) Muscle |
| The aortic arches are also numbered from rostral to caudal; they connect the ventrally situated _____ _____ (cranially directed from the heart) to the two dorsal _____. | Truncus arteriosus Aortae |
| Name the largest pharyngeal arch. | Pharyngeal Arch I |
| Name the structure that separates the maxillary prominence from the from the frontonasal prominence. | Nasolacrimal groove |
| The nasal _____, the future nostril, invaginates to form the nasal _____; continued development of the nasal pit will form the nasal _____. | Placode pit cavity |
| What structure allows the nostril to communicate with the stomodeum? | Nasomaxillary groove |
| The nostril is bordered by _____ and _____ nasal prominences that develop from the rostral part of the frontonasal prominence. | Medial and lateral |
| The maxillary prominence gives rise to a medially directed (a). The left and right (a)s fuse with each other and with the (b). | A) palatine process b) nasal septum |
| What structure separates the oral and nasal cavities? | Palatine Process |
| Each maxillary prominence fuses with the medial nasal prominence and eliminates the _____ _____ and forms the _____ portion of the upper lip and gum. | Nasomaxillary groove lateral |