Systems 1b Practical Anatomy- Body Intergration
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Systems 1b Practical Anatomy- Body Intergration - Marcador
Systems 1b Practical Anatomy- Body Intergration - Detalles
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Preguntas:
50 preguntas
| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| 7 | How many cervical vertebrae are there? |
| 12 | How many thoracic vertebrae are there? |
| 5 | How many lumbar vertebrae are there? |
| 5- all fused together | How many sacral vertebrae are there? |
| 3-5 | How many coccygeal vertebrae are there? |
| Body, pedicles, transverse process, lamina, spinous process, vertebral foramen/canal, intervertebral notch/foramen, articular facet | Name the structures of a typical vertebrae |
| Spinal nerve (branched from spinal cord) | What lies in the intervertebral foramen? |
| Secondary cartilaginous joint (hyaline + fibrocartilage) | What type of joint occurs between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae (the intervertebral disk)? |
| Synovial planar joints | What type of joint occurs between the articular facets of adjacent vertebrae? |
| Atlas | What name is given to C1 |
| Axis (has a process up to C1 called the Dens that allows rotation of the head) | What name is given to C2 |
| Vertibral prominence | What name is given to C7 |
| Small spinous process/vertebral body, spinous biphids and transverse foramen | Give the features of a cervical vertibrae |
| Angled down spinous process, demi facets for rib attachement, more prominent articular facets, middle sized vertebral body | Give the features of the thoracic vertebrae |
| Very large, flat/wide spinous process which is straight (horizontal) | Give the features of a lumber vertebrae |
| The anulus fibrosis (fibrocartilage) and the nucleus pulposus (hyaline cartilage) | What are the two structures that make up the intervertebral disc? |
| Hernia of the intervertibral disc resulting in the nucleus pulposus compressing the nerve root | What is a slipped disc? |
| Supraspinous ligament, ligamentum flavum, intraspinous ligament, anterior longitudinal ligament, postererior longitudinal ligament | Name the stabilising ligaments of the vertebral column |
| There is a cervical curvature (caused by development of muscles and tendons naturally) and lumbar curvature caused by walking | What happens to neonates spines? |
| Lordosis, kyphosis, scoliosis | What are the three anomalies of the vertebral column? |
| Flexion, extension, lateral flexion, rotation | Movements of the cervical vertebrae |
| Rotation, lateral flexion | Movements of the thoracic vertebrae |
| Flexion, extension | Movements of the lumbar vertebrae |
| The spinae erector muscles to extend the spine | What is the main muscle that acts on the vertebrae dorsally? |
| Sternocliedomastiod, anterior abdominal wall muscles (bilateral causes flexion, unilateral causes rotation and lateral flexion) | Major anterior muscle groups acting upon the vertebrae |
| Sternomanubrial joint, arch or aorta and bifurcation of the trachea | What occurs at vertebral level of T4? |
| L3-4 in adults and L4-5 in children (large spacing between spinous processes, especially when spine is flexed allowing easy access to the cerbrospinal fluid) | Which vertebral space is used for lumbar puncture? |
| -around the pectoralis major muscle -at bifurcation of the trachea -around root of arteries in abdomen and pelvis -superficial and deep groups in neck | Location of major groups of lymph nodes |
| B lymphocytes in cortex and T lyphocytes in paracortex The lighter ares in the circles in the image contain the B lymphocytes | What main cell types are found in a lympoid node? |
| Filter the lymph for immulogical defence | What is the function of a lymph node? |
| The first node that drains a cancer (likely place for metastisis) | What is sentinal node? |
| Drains the lymph from the right arm and right half of the thoracic cavity + head | What is the lymphatic duct? |
| Drains the majority of the body, on the left side | What is the thoracic duct |
| Begins at the occipital bone and extends down to space between L1-2 (L3 in children) vertebrae | Where does the spinal cord start and finish? |
| Filum terminale which attaches inferiorly to the dorsal cocyx and acts as an anchor preventing the spina cord moving up and down | What is the fibrous end of the spinal cord called |
| Resulting from more grey matter required to form the plexus for the upper and lower limbs | Why is there an enlargement of the spinal cord in the cervical and lumber regions? |
| Conus medullaris | Which structure does the cauda equina emerge from? |
| L2-S5 (+Cc) | What spinal nerves form the cauda equina? |
| Motor bodies | What is grey matter made of? |
| Myelinated axons | What is white matter made of? |
| Autonamic (sympathetic), these are located between T1-L2 and only have one synapse | What type of neve impulses are associated with the lateral horn cells? |
| Pia mater, arachniod marter and dura marter | What are the three layers of the meninges called? |
| S2/3 | What level does the dura and arachnoid marter descend to? |
| In the subarachniod space | Where is the cerbrial spinal fluid contained |
| Arterial- from aorta and its branches running the length of the cord vertebral venous plexus- in the fatty tissue between dura marter and vertebrae (epidural space), these veins have no valves | How is the blood supplied/taken away from the spinal cord? |
| The anterior and posterior horns and supply skeletal muscle, they have two synapses | Where does the somatic system originate from? |
| A vertically arranged chain of interconnecting ganglia either side of the vertebrae | What is the sympathetic chain? |
| 90-95 | Revise pages from book |