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Science


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Clara Hightshoe


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H
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Hydrogen

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Science - Detalles

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Preguntas:

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H
Hydrogen
He
Helium
Li
Lithium
Be
Beryllium
B
Boron
C
Carbon
N
Nitrogen
O
Oxygen
F
Fluorine
Ne
Neon
Na
Sodium
Mg
Magnesium
Al
Aluminum
Si
Silicon
P
Phosphorus
S
Sulfur
Cl
Chlorine
Ar
Argon
K
Potassium
Ca
Calcium
Sc
Scandium
Ti
Titanium
V
Vanadium
Cr
Chromium
Mn
Manganese
Fe
Iron
Co
Cobalt
Ni
Nickel
Cu
Copper
Zn
Zinc
Ga
Gallium
Ge
Germanium
As
Arsenic
Se
Selenium
Br
Bromine
Kr
Krypton
Rb
Rubidium
Sr
Strontium
Ag
Silver
Sn
Tin
Sb
Antimony
I
Iodine
Xe
Xenon
Cs
Cesium
Ba
Barium
Pt
Platinum
Au
Gold
Hg
Mercury
Pb
Lead
Po
Polonium
Rn
Radon
Fr
Francium
Ra
Radium
U
Uranium
Democritus
-greek philosopher -first to postulate about matter -believed matter was made of “atomos”, indivisible particles.
Aristotle
-greek philosopher -thought matter as belonging to four categories: earth, water, wind, fire -accepted explanation for 1500 years
Galileo Galilei
-"father of modern science" -first to incorporate mathematics into laws of nature -first to go beyond philosophy and conduct proper scientific experiments.
John Dalton
-law of constant proportions: dalton realized that all elements combine in constant proportions to form new substances. -billiard ball model: atoms are build similar to billiard balls. they are small, invisible particles. -first to make an atomic theory: 1. all matter is made of atoms 2. atoms of the same element are identical in every way 3. atoms of different elements are different 4. atoms are held together by an invisible force
Mendeleev
-first person to create an orderly arrangement of the 63 known elements -elements were arranged from heaviest to lightest (mass)
Rutherford
-in 1899, rutherford bombarded thin sheets of gold foil with alpha particles. -most particles passed through the foil without being deflected. -some particles, though, bounced right back as if they had hit a solid object. -conclusions: 1. atoms have a nucleus with a positive charge 2. atoms are mostly empty space 3. electrons float in this space
Thomson
-used a cathode ray tube and a magnetic field to determine the ratio of charge to mass (e/m) of an electron. -found electrons to be much smaller than the smallest atom (hydrogen) and that the same particles were being emitted from every type of material he used in his experiment. -concluded: 1. atoms were not indivisible 2. instead, atoms of every kind contained the same type of small negatively charged particles called electrons. 3. for atoms to be neutrally charged, their electrons must float in a positively charged substance. -developed plum-pudding model
Moseley
-did experiments which concluded: 1. elements have more protons the heavier they are 2. the atomic number was the number of protons in the element’s nucleus -began rearranging the periodic table according to the atomic number
What is the crust made of?
Silicon, aluminum, and oxygen
What is the mantle made of?
Iron, magnesium, and silicon
What is the lithosphere?
The rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust
What is the asthenosphere?
The soft layer of the mantle of which the lithosphere floats.
Lower mantle definition
Bottom portion of the mantle
Core composition
Iron and nickel
State of matter of the outer core
Molten iron and nickel
State of matter of inner core
Solid iron and nickel
What is heat transfer?
The movement of energy from a warmer object to a cooler object
Convection is a type of heat transfer by
The movement of currents within a fluid
Why do convection currents move?
There's a temp or density difference in a material
Faults definition
Breaks in the earths crust where rocks have slipped past each other
Convergent plate boundaries...
Move towards one another
Landforms created at oo convergent boundaries
Island arcs, volcanos, trenches, earthquakes